njinga yamoto
Mu 1897, a Hosea W. Libbey aku Boston adalembetsa setifiketi ya njinga yoyendetsedwa ndi mota wamagetsi. Pomwe Libbey adasinthiratu luso lake kuti athe kubweretsa lingalirolo, kenako kunabwera injini yoyaka mkati. Galimoto idangokhala moyo, ndipo mayendedwe adatanthauziridwa m'zaka zana zotsatira.
Lero, palibe amene angatsutse kuti, pankhani yakuyenda kwamwini, galimoto imakhalabe mfumu. Koma tsopano, zaka zopitilira 120 Libbey atapanga, njinga zamagetsi zikubwerera chete koma modabwitsa. Kuwonongeka kwa mpweya, kuwonongeka kwa phokoso, kuchuluka kwamagalimoto komanso kufunafuna moyo wathanzi tsopano ndizodetsa nkhawa padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo anthu akufuna njira zina zabwino kuti akwaniritse zosowa zawo zoyendera. M'malo mwake, mu 2018, okwera njinga zamagetsi adayenda makilomita 586 biliyoni padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo mayendedwe akukula, mwachangu. “Njinga zamagetsi ndi imodzi mwamipikisano kwambiri Njira zonyamula anthu zamagalimoto lero, "atero a Jon Egan, oyendetsa komanso kukonza mapulani m'mizinda
mlangizi ndi wofotokozera zamagetsi zamagetsi komanso zoyima. "Magalimoto awo opangidwa ndi batri amachititsa kuti maulendo ang'onoang'ono asavutike komanso maulendo ataliatali akhale otheka."
Egan adati ukadaulo ukupitabe patsogolo komanso mtengo wama mabatire ukutsika, njinga zamagetsi zidzakulanso zotsika mtengo ndipo zidzawonjezeranso kutsutsana ndi njinga zamoto zamafuta ndi magalimoto ngati njira yomwe amakonda mayendedwe m'mizinda yambiri yodzaza anthu padziko lapansi.
Ndipo ndi m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene komwe njinga zamagetsi zimayambira mofulumira kwambiri.
M'zaka za m'ma 1990, dziko la China linakhazikitsa malamulo okhwima oletsa kuipitsa mpweya pofuna kuthana ndi mpweya wabwino, womwe unali ndi mavuto azaumoyo pagulu komanso pachuma. Kulimbikitsidwa ngati njira yabwino komanso yoyendera achinyamata, yamagetsi njinga tsopano zimawoneka ngati 'choyenera kukhala nacho' ndi akatswiri achichepere akumatauni m'mizinda ikuluikulu yaku China, komwe ma e-njinga kuposa magalimoto awiri mpaka limodzi.
“Muyenera kuganizira mbiri ya mayendedwe anu m'malo ngati China komanso kudutsa Southeast Asia kupita mvetsetsani chifukwa chomwe njinga zamagetsi zalandiriridwa mwachikondi, ”adatero Egan. “Magalimoto ambiri anali okwera mtengo kwambiri kwa anthu ambiri mabanja ndi njinga zamoto, chifukwa chake njinga zamoto ndi ma scooter anali njira zoyendera zoyendera. Izi sizimangopanga kukhazikitsidwa pa njinga yamagetsi kupita patsogolo kwachilengedwe, zimatanthauzanso kuti misewu ndi zoyendera zili kale wokonda njinga kwambiri. ”
Kuthamanga komwe njinga zamagetsi zikugwiritsidwira ntchito ku Asia kukuwonetsa lonjezo lomwe ali nalo padziko lonse lapansi.
"Kwa aliyense amene wakhala nthawi ku Bangkok, Hanoi, Guangzhou kapena Manilla, mutha kulingalira za kuthekera kumeneku kusintha kwa mpweya wabwino, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa phokoso ndipo, mwachiyembekezo, kuchepa kwa anthu m'misewu monga njinga zamagetsi zikupitilizabe kukonzanso mayendedwe, ”adatero Egan.
Koma nanga bwanji Kumadzulo? Kodi oyendetsa US ndi Europe ndiokonzeka kusintha nawonso? Mu 2018, dziko lonse lapansi Msika wamagalimoto amagetsi amayenera kukhala pafupifupi $ 21 biliyoni. Ndipo ngakhale kugulitsa ma e-bike ku US anali pafupi $ 77 miliyoni, zomwe zinali pafupifupi kawiri chiwerengerocho chaka chatha.Egan amakhulupirira zambiri zomwe angathe ndipo ziyenera kuchitidwa kulimbikitsa njinga zamagetsi.
"Kukopa banja lakumizinda kuti lisinthanitse ma SUV ndi njinga zamagetsi ndi vuto lalikulu kale," adatero Egan. “Mizinda yathu yapangidwa mozungulira galimoto - misewu yambirimbiri, malo akuluakulu. Mtheradi wa galimoto kulamulira kwadzetsa kusowa kwa misewu ndi misewu yama njinga. Tiyenera kupanga kusintha kwakukulu kumizinda yathu malo okhala ndi njinga zamagetsi zambirimbiri. ”
Koma kuli malo ku US komwe njinga zamagetsi zikuyesedwa bwino. Mwachitsanzo, yatsopano Anthu okhala m'mizinda ku Seaside, Florida, alimbikitsa njinga zamagetsi ngati njira yothanirana ndi kukula zovuta zamagalimoto ndi magalimoto.
Justin anati: "Nyanja ndi madera atsopano oyandikana nawo amakopa alendo zikwizikwi chaka chilichonse," adatero Justin Dunwald, woyang'anira sitolo ya YOLO Board + Bike ku Gulf Place, Florida. “Kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kumachuluka, magetsi njinga zikulandiridwa mwachangu ngati yankho. ”Akuluakulu a m'mphepete mwa nyanja posachedwapa adakhazikitsa ziletso zoyimika magalimoto, kutseka misewu yamagalimoto, ngakhalenso oyenda pansi pakati pa tawuni - njira zonse zomwe zikutengedwa kuti zikhazikitsenso maziko oyambira a kukhala
zoyenda, zoyenda pagalimoto pomwe magalimoto samangofunikira.
Malo ochezera alendo nthawi zambiri amakhala njira yabwino yobzala mbewu ndikuyesera zinthu zatsopano. Alendo opita kunyanja kuchokera pagalimoto malo monga Dallas, Atlanta, ndi New Orleans amakonda kubwereka njinga zamagetsi, kuwagwiritsa ntchito kupita tsiku kunyanja kapena kukadya chakudya madzulo amodzi ngati tchuthi. Ngati zokumana nazo ndizabwino, mwina adzaganiziranso zoyeseranso akabwerera kwawo, poyambilira ngati njira yopumira, koma akuyamba kuswa kukakamira kwa galimoto pazosankha zawo zoyendera.
Ndiye kutengera njinga zamagetsi kumathamangitsidwa bwanji? Kukwanitsa, kumene, ndikofunikira. Mtengo umasiyana kwambiri. Pafupifupi $ 1,000 atha kupeza imodzi njinga yamagetsi yolowera, koma kukhala wodalirika ndikotheka amatuluka pamtengo wotsika. Pakati pa $ 2,000 ndi $ 3,000, ma e-njinga amasewera ma motors abwino ndipo nthawi zambiri amapangidwira ntchito zenizeni - kuyenda, kukwera njinga zamapiri, kuyenda panjira. Si ndalama zopanda pake, koma ndizovuta wotchipa kwambiri kuposa galimoto.
"M'malingaliro mwanga, njinga zamagetsi sizothandiza kwenikweni kuposa njinga yanthawi zonse," atero a Mike Ragsdale, omwe anayambitsa Kampani ya 30A, yomwe imagulitsa mzere wama 30A Electric Bikes ndi YOLO. “Njinga zamagetsi ndizosiyana ndi galimoto. Mukazilingalira motere, mtengo wake ndiwotheka kwambiri. ”
Ragsdale adati amayenda panjinga yamagetsi pafupifupi tsiku lililonse, osati kungosangalala."Sindikukumbukira nthawi yomaliza yomwe ndimapita kuofesi," adatero Ragsdale. “Tsopano ndimakwera njinga yanga yamagetsi m'malo mwake; zomwe sindikanachita pa njinga wamba. ”
Zambiri zotsatsa zikusonyeza, monganso magalimoto ena amagetsi, batire ndiomwe amayendetsa mtengo kwambiri. Koma monga teknoloji kupita patsogolo, mitengo imatsika. Ndikofunikanso kutalikitsa moyo wa mabatire kuti apindulitse kwa eni ake moyo wa njinga. Ku China, njinga zamoto zotsika mtengo zimagwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lead-acid omwe amakhala ndi moyo wazaka pafupifupi 2, pomwe njinga zamtundu wapamwamba zimagwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lithiamu-ion omwe amakhala zaka 6 kapena 7.
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