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Muna 1897, Hosea W. Libbey wekuBoston akanyoresa patent yebhasikoro rinofambiswa nemagetsi mota. Nepo Libbey akabvisa zvaakagadzira kuti agone kuunza chirevo mukugadzira, pamwe pakauya injini yemoto yemukati. Imotokari yakadzvova kune hupenyu, uye chekufambisa chakatsanangurwa kwezana ramakore rinotevera.
Nhasi, hapana kupokana kuti, kana totaura nezvekufambisa wega, mota ichiri mambo. Asi ikozvino, anopfuura makore zana nemakumi maviri mushure mekugadzirwa kwaLibbey, mabhasikoro emagetsi ari kudzoka akanyarara asi anoshamisa. Kushatiswa kwemhepo, kusvibiswa kweruzha, kuzara kwemotokari uye kutsvaga kwehupenyu hupenyu hwave kunetsekana pasirese, uye vanhu vari kutsvaga dzimwe nzira dziri nani kuti vasangane nezvifambiso nekufamba kwavo. Muchokwadi, mu120, vatyairi vemabhasikoro emagetsi vakafukidza makiromita mabhiriyoni mazana mashanu nemakumi matanhatu neshanu pasirese. Uye kufamba kuri kukura, nekukurumidza. “Mabhasikoro emagetsi ndeemamwe akanyanya nzira dzakatikomberedza dzekutakura nemotokari nhasi, "akadaro Jon Egan, anotungamira nekuronga mumaguta
chipangamazano uye muongorori pamotokari dzemagetsi uye dzakazvimiririra. "Mota dzadzo dzinotakurwa nebhatiri dzinoita kuti nzendo pfupi dzive nyore uye kwenguva refu nzendo dziite."
Egan akati sezvo tekinoroji ichienderera mberi uye mutengo wemabhatiri uchidonha, mabhasikoro emagetsi achawedzera inodhura uye ichawedzera kupokana nefossil-mafuta anodya midhudhudhu uye mota senzira inosarudzika ye kutakura mumaguta mazhinji akazara pasi.
Uye iri mumarudzi ari kukurumidza kuita maguta uko mabhasikoro emagetsi ari kutora midzi nekukurumidza.
Muma1990, China yakadzika mitemo yakasimba yekurwisa kusvibisa kurwisa mweya une chepfu, uyo waive uine hutano hunotyisa hweveruzhinji uye hupfumi. Inosimudzirwa senge inoyevedza uye yevechidiki nzira yekufambisa, magetsi mabhasikoro ave kuonekwa se'kufanirwa-kuve 'nevadiki veguta nyanzvi mumaguta makuru eChina, uko e-mabhasikoro kuwanda mota mbiri kune imwe.
“Unofanira kufunga nezvenhoroondo yekufambisa kwevanhu munzvimbo dzakaita seChina uye mhiri kweSoutheast Asia kusvika nzwisisa kuti sei mabhasikoro emagetsi agamuchirwa zvakanaka, ”akadaro Egan. “Mota dzaigara dzichidhura kune vakawanda mhuri nemabhasikoro, saka midhudhudhu uye scooter ndiyo yaive sarudzo yakasimbiswa yekutakura. Izvo hazviite chete kugamuchirwa yebhasikoro remagetsi kuwedzera kwakawanda, zvinoreva zvakare kuti mugwagwa uye zvivakwa zvekufambisa zvatove anodawo bhasikoro. ”
Kufamba uko mabhasiketi emagetsi ari kugamuchirwa muAsia kunoratidza vimbiso yavanobata pasirese.
"Kune chero munhu akapedza nguva muBangkok, Hanoi, Guangzhou kana Manilla, unogona kungofungidzira kugona kwacho kuvandudzwa kwehunhu hwemhepo, kudzikiswa kwerunyararo uye, netarisiro, vashoma vekufa kwemigwagwa se mabhasikoro emagetsi ari kuenderera mberi nekumisikidza mafambiro, ”akadaro Egan.
Asi zvakadiniko kuMadokero? Vafambi vekuUS neEuropean vakagadzirira kuita shanduko zvakare? Muna 2018, wepasi rose musika wemabhasikoro emagetsi waifungidzirwa kuve unokosha madhora anosvika mabhiriyoni makumi maviri nerimwe. Uye kunyangwe hazvo e-bhasikoro kutengesa muUS dzaingove dzakatenderedza mamirioni makumi manomwe nemanomwe emadhora, yaive yakapetwa zvakapetwa kaviri kubva pagore rapfuura.Egan anotenda zvakawanda zvinogona uye zvinofanirwa kuitwa kukurudzira mabhasikoro emagetsi.
"Kunyengetedza mhuri yemumaguta kuti ichinjane SUV yavo nemabhasikoro emagetsi ratove dambudziko rakaringana," akadaro Egan. “Maguta edu akagadzirwa akakomberedza mota - nzira dzakawanda dzemigwagwa, zvivakwa. Mhedziso yemotokari kutonga kwakakonzera kusavapo kwenzira dzemigwagwa nemigwagwa yebhasikoro. Tichafanirwa kuita shanduko dzakakosha kumaguta edu nzvimbo kuti uwane mabhasikoro emagetsi akawanda. ”
Asi kune nzvimbo muUS uko mabhasikoro emagetsi ari kuyedzwa zvinobudirira. Semuenzaniso, iyo nyowani munharaunda yemaguta eSeaside, Florida, yakasimudzira mabhasikoro emagetsi sechikamu chemhinduro yekugadzirisa kukura traffic nematambudziko ekupaka.
"Mhenderekedzo yegungwa nenzanga dzemadhorobha dzinovakidzana dzinokwezva mazana ezviuru zvevashanyi gore rega," akadaro Justin Dunwald, maneja weYOLO Board + Bike chitoro kuGulf Place, Florida. “Sezvo kuwandisa kwemotokari kunowedzera, magetsi Mabhasikoro ari kutorwa semhinduro. ”Zviremera zvegungwa nguva pfupi yadarika zvakafanirwa kumisikidza kurambidza kupaka, kuvhara migwagwa kumotokari dzinofamba, uye kunyange vanofamba-famba mukati meguta - matanho ese ari kutorwa kumisazve hwaro hweguta hwekuva
inotakurika, nharaunda ine bhasikoro uko mota dzisiri nyore.
Nzvimbo dzekushanya dzinowanzo kuve nzira yakanaka yekudyara mazano uye kuyedza zvinhu zvitsva. Vashanyi kuMakungwa kubva kumota-centric nzvimbo dzakaita seDallas, Atlanta, neNew Orleans dzinowanzo kukwereta mabhasikoro emagetsi, vashandise kuenda zuva kumahombekombe kana kwekudya kwemanheru mamwe manheru sechiitiko chezororo. Kana chiitiko ichi chiri chakanaka, pamwe ivo vanozofunga kuyedza zvakare kana vadzokera kumba, pakutanga senge yekuzorora sarudzo, asi vachitanga kutyora kusungwa kwemotokari pakusarudza kwavo kwekufambisa.
Saka kugamuchirwa kwemabhasikoro emagetsi kungakurumidza-kuteedzerwa sei? Kukwanisika, chokwadika, kwakakosha. Mutengo unogona kusiyana zvikuru. Vanenge madhora chiuru vanogona kuwana imwe yakakosha yekupinda-chikamu chemagetsi bhasikoro, asi hunhu uye kuvimbika kunogona kuve inoburitsa pamutengo wakaderera iwoyo. Pakati pemadhora zviuru zviviri kusvika pamadhora zviuru zvitatu, e-mabhasikoro emitambo ari nani mota uye anowanzo gadzirirwa chaicho mashandisiro - kuenda, kukwira mabhasikoro, kufamba munzira. Haisi mari isingakoshi, asi heck zvakachipa zvakanyanya kudarika mota.
"Mupfungwa dzangu, mabhasikoro emagetsi haanyatso kuchinjanisa bhasikoro renguva dzose," akadaro Mike Ragsdale, muvambi we Iyo 30A Kambani, iyo inotengesa mutsetse we30A Magetsi Mabhasikoro neYOLO. “Mabhasikoro emagetsi ndeimwe nzira yemotokari. Paunofunga nezvazvo nenzira iyoyo, mutengo wacho unonzwisisika. ”
Ragsdale akati anokwira bhasikoro rake remagetsi rinenge mazuva ese, uye kwete zvekuvaraidza chete."Handikwanise kuyeuka pandakapedzisira kutyaira kuenda kuhofisi," akadaro Ragsdale. “Iye zvino ndinotasva bhasikoro rangu remagetsi; chimwe chinhu chandingadai ndisina kumboita pabhasikoro chairo. ”
Yekushambadzira data inoratidza, sekune dzimwe mota dzemagetsi, iyo bhatiri mutyairi mukuru wemutengo. Asi setekinoroji kufambira mberi, mitengo inodonha. Izvo zvichave zvakare zvakakosha kuwedzera hupenyu hwese hwemabhatiri kupa kukosha kune varidzi pamusoro hupenyu hwebhasikoro. MuChina, mabhasikoro anodhura anoshandisa lead-acid mabhatiri ayo ane hupenyu hweanosvika makore maviri, nepo mabhasikoro epamusoro-soro anoshandisa lithiamu-ion mabhatiri ayo anogara makore matanhatu kana manomwe.
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