Nei UK 'kuchovha uye kufamba shanduko' isingaderedze kufamba kwemotokari

Mutungamiri weUK, Boris Johnson, akaunza £ 2 bhiriyoni kuti agadzire mazana emakiromita e nzira dzakachengetedzwa dzemabhasikoro nenzvimbo yevanofamba netsoka. Kune zvikonzero zvakawanda zvakanaka zvekukurudzira kufamba-famba uye kuchovha bhasikoro - rwendo rune simba, nekuti inozivikanwa se. Denda iri rinoda kugara pakati pevanhu pazvifambiso zveruzhinji, izvo zvinoratidza kuti mabhazi nezvitima zvinofanirwa kutakura vafambi vashoma parwendo. Kuchavha bhasikoro uye kufamba-famba zvine hutano sarudzo uye mukufamba kwenguva, imwe neimwe ine chinhu chekutamba machiri kucheka kabhoni kubva kuhurongwa hwekutakura, kuwedzera mukusimudzira mweya weguta mhando yepamusoro.

Maguta muUK ari kutengesa zvine simba famba mukupindura denda. Manchester yakatsaurira £ 5 mamirioni kubvumidza kure kure munharaunda kuchovha nekufamba panzira itsva. Sadiq Khan, ikozvino meya weLondon, ane reallocated mugwagwa nzvimbo kune vanofamba netsoka nemabhasikoro kukwirisa kufamba-shanu uye kuchovha bhasikoro kagumi.

Kukwidziridzwa kagumi mukuchovha bhasikoro kunotora iyezvino 2.5% mugove wenzendo dzakaitwa nebhasikoro muLondon kusvika pamwero unoonekwa mu Copenhague, iyo iri panguva ino pa28%. Guta guru reDenmark rave riine mabhenefiti ane mukurumbira ekuchovha bhasikoro kwechinguva uye tsika refu yebhasikoro.

Nekudaro 32% yenzendo muCopenhagen zviri zvemotokari, izvo zviri zvakangodzikira pane zviri kuLondon 35%. Kunze kwekuchovha bhasikoro, iyo inopesana yakakura musiyano iri zvifambiso zveruzhinji use, iyo inoverenga 19% yenzendo muCopenhagen maringe 36% muLondon.

Izvi zvese zvinoratidza kuti isu tinokwanisa kuburitsa vanhu kubva mumabhazi nekukwira mabhasikoro, ayo anodhura, ane hutano, akakwirira kumatunhu, uye asinganonoke mumigwagwa yakazara yemaguta. Nekudaro zvakanyanya kuomarara kuburitsa vanhu kubva mumotokari dzavo, kunyangwe muCopenhagen nzvimbo munhu wese ane hunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza bhasikoro.

Kukwezva kwerwendo rwemotokari

Vanhu vakaita semotokari semugumisiro wekuti vachatakura vafambi vakawanda kungoti ivo vanowanzo kupa nzvimbo zhinji yezvinhu zvatinofanira kukomberedza. Kune mamwe marwendo ayo anogona kungove akati rebei kureba rwendo rwemudhudhudhu, kana izvo zvinoda kuti iwe uratidzike kunge wakapfeka zvakanaka uye wakajeka paunosvika. Vanhu vazhinji vakaita semota semhedzisiro yekuvatyaira vanonzwa zvakanaka. Ingova nekutarisa pane hombe sarudzo mumafashoni, pamwe neiyo fashoni yazvino kune gasi-inodzika maSUV.

Mota zhinji dzakapakwa 95% yenguva. Kana varidzi vedzimba zvavo vari kungovashandisa zvishoma, pamwe kugovana mota uye nzendo inogona kunge iri imwe nharaunda nharaunda ine hushamwari mukana pane kungoshandisa wega. Nekudaro chokwadi chekuti vanhu vazhinji vakagadzirira kubhadhara mari hombe yechinhu chimwe chete ivo vanongoshandisa 5% yenguva inoratidza kukosha kwevanhu vanoisa pakufamba kwakazvimirira.

Kukwezva kwekutanga kwemotokari ndeyekupinda kwakatwasuka iyo inobvumidza kune vanhu nenzvimbo uye dzimwe nzira uye sarudzo - zvisingaite pasi peapo migwagwa kazhinji isina kunyanya kuzara uye painogona kupaka kumagumo ega erwendo. Zvekupinda kune izvi zvese mukati menguva inokwanisika yerwendo mukati mezuva rakabatikana, mota ingangodaro iri nharaunda inoshamwaridza nzira yemafambo madaro anonzwisisika.

Kana iwe ukagara mumusha usina mota, uye uine mashoma kana asipo makambani emabhazi, ako mamwe maitiro uye sarudzo dzevashandi, vatengesi nemakambani zvinorambidzwa. Tenga mota uye mikana inokura zvakanyanya. Kunyangwe paine akawanda mafungire ekuchinja mota kunze kwemaguta, akafanana e-mabhasikoro emirefu marefu, avo akakwana maitiro hazviite kuti uwedzere zvakanyanya.

Zvisinei mumaguta, dzimwe nguva migwagwa yakazara uye kupaka kunorambidzwa. Ichokwadi kuti inogona kuchinja mota iko pano. Kushandisa mota muLondon kwaive pakakwirira mukati memakore ekutanga makumi mapfumbamwe, payakaverengerwa 50% yenzendo. Sezvo vagari veguta vachikura, kugona kwemumugwagwa kwemotokari kwakadzikira kuita nzvimbo yemigwagwa yebhazi, nzira dzekutenderera nenzvimbo yevanofamba netsoka. Panguva imwecheteyo, pakanga paine mari yakawanda mukugona njanji, zvese izvi zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwemotokari.

Kare maguta aive nevanhu vazhinji, kunyangwe, mutengo wejanji mari unonetsa kururamisa, uye mabhazi mumigwagwa yakazara vanhu havaite chinonakidza chakasiyana nekufamba nemotokari. Zvisinei mabhazi panzira dzakazvipira dzakasunungurwa kubva kune vashanyi vanowanzo - dzinowanzozivikanwa sebhasi rinokurumidza kufamba - dzinogona kushanda senge isingadhuri zvakasiyana kusiira rwendo.

Kupararira kwedenda kwakasimbisa mashandisiro angaita maitiro edu erwendo. Mamwe mashoma eaya anogara kwenguva refu, sezvo vamwe vanhu vachiita mari vachishanda kubva kumba, kugadzirira misangano nevhidiyoconferencing, uye kuchengetedza online. Zvisinei zvakanyanya kushomeka kuenda kubasa nekuzorora zvinogona kugadziriswa nekuwedzera mumhando dzakasiyana dzenzendo, sezvo vanhu vachinyatsonzwa kukosha kwekubuda mumba uye kusangana nenyika yakafararira.

Hazvisi pachena kuti yakawanda sei isu tinokwanisa kuvimba nekushandura mafambiro maitiro kubatsira decarbonise kutakura uye kudzikisira kusvibiswa kwemhepo. Hurumende yemubatanidzwa inofanirwa kunge inotsiva inoenderana nekuchinja fossil fuels nesimba remagetsi-kuchinjanisa injini dzemoto mumotokari, mavans uye zvitima zvine mabhatiri emagetsi uye mota.

Inishuwarenzi marongero kushambadza kufamba uye kuchovha zvakakosha kune hupenyu hwakanaka uye zvakanakira zvakatipoteredza izvo zvavanotakura nekutakura. Zvisinei havaratidzike kunge vanokamura kukwezva mota ivo pachavo, uye hunyanzvi hweCopenhagen zvinoreva kuti dhonza rinonyanya kukosha rinobva kuzvifambiso zveruzhinji sechinotsiva.

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