Isithuthuthu
* Isakhelo
Ingaba ibhayisikili yeentaba ikhululekile ukukhwela, ingaba ilula kwaye ilula ukuyilawula, ukuphakama kokuqina kunokumelana, ixesha elide lingasetyenziselwa, nokuba liyakwazi ukuphuculwa, njl., isitshixo kukubona isakhelo.
Kukho iindidi ezimbini zesakhelo: isakhelo esinzima sesiphelo, isakhelo sokunqunyanyiswa esipheleleyo (isakhelo sesiphelo esithambileyo)
Yithi ukhetho lobungakanani besakhelo esilandelayo ngokulula: khetha isakhelo ngokobude obuqhelekileyo, kufuneka ukhethe isakhelo esizifanelayo, esi sibaluleke kakhulu!
Isakhelo kunye nedatha yereferensi yobude:
14 “-150 -160 15” -155 “-165”
16 “-160 -170 17” -165 “-175”
18 “-170-180 21 “-175-185”
26 “-180-190 27.5 “-185-195
Ukuza kuthi ga ngo-2009, xa iibhayisekile ze-MARMOT zavelisa i-27.5-intshi / 650B ibhayisekile yentaba yokuqala yehlabathi eWashington, DC, phantse zonke iibhayisekile zeentaba zaziyi-26-intshi. Ngenxa yokuba le modeli inokunika umdlalo opheleleyo wokuphatha kakuhle, ukuzinza, ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwebhayisikile, ukususela ngoko, inguqu entsha ye-wheelpath kwishishini lebhayisikile iye yafika ngokusemthethweni, kwaye iimpawu ezinkulu ziye zalandela ukuphuhlisa isithuthi esipheleleyo, kunye ne-27.5 "/ 650B isithuthi esipheleleyo ngokuthe ngcembe siye saba yimveliso eqhelekileyo kwimarike yebhayisekile [6]. Ngenxa yokuba umlinganiselo womzimba womntu ngamnye wahlukile, ubude bemilenze kunye neengalo zahlukile, ke ndikufundisa eyona ndlela ilula nesebenzayo yokulinganisa: nxiba izihlangu zakho, yima ngaphaya kwesakhelo kwityhubhu, iinyawo ububanzi bamagxa, crotch kwaye ityhubhu kwisakhelo kufuneka ibe malunga ne-5-6 cm umgama; Isakhelo sikhulu ukuba ityhubhu ephezulu isondele okanye isondele kwi-crotch, kwaye incinci ukuba ityhubhu ephezulu ikude kakhulu kwi-crotch. Umkhweli othanda ukuwela ilizwe malunga nokukhetha amancinci amancinci, i-crotch kunye ne-canal kwisakhelo semoto ngenxa yomgama omalunga ne-6-10 centimeters. Oku kukuphatha kakuhle, ukhuseleko oluphezulu, kuba i-off-road iyingozi ngakumbi, ngoko isakhelo sibe sincinci.
Iifreyimu eziqinileyo zilula ukukhwela, zikhaphukhaphu kwaye zinexabiso eliphantsi. Iimoto ezinomsila oqinileyo, njengoko negama libonisa, azikho izinto ezithintela ukothuka ngasemva, kodwa uninzi luneefolokhwe zangaphambili. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ukhetho phakathi kwezi zibini lwalulula: abantu babedla ngokuthenga ibhayisekile yentaba enomsila. Ngokuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe be-post-shock, kunzima ukugqiba ukuba uthenge ibhayisekile yeentaba ezinomsila oqinileyo okanye ibhayisekile yeentaba ezothusayo. Nangona ibhayisekile yeentaba yokumiswa ngokupheleleyo iphuculwe kakhulu, itekhnoloji yebhayisekile yentaba enomsila nayo iyaphuhla. Ingaba ukhetha i-hardtail okanye ibhayisekile epheleleyo yeentaba ixhomekeke kwinto oza kuyenza kwibhayisekile yakho - nokuba uya kuthatha inxaxheba kugqatso olunqamlezileyo, ugqatso lweentaba zonke okanye umzila ogudileyo wendalo? Njengomthetho wesithupha, okukhona ufuna ngobuchule umhlaba oceba ukuwuwela, kokukhona uya kufuna ibhayisekile yentaba enomsila oqinileyo.
Iibhayisekile zeentaba zeHardtail zifanelekile kumhlaba ongekho endleleni, indlela enye kunye nomdyarho. Ikhaphukhaphu, yomelele kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi kunebhayisekile yasentabeni ezothusayo. Ikhaphukhaphu ngenxa yokuba kukho iindawo ezimbalwa kwisakhelo, kwaye yomelele ngakumbi kuba ayinayo i-pivot okanye ukunqunyanyiswa okungasemva ukuyigcina. Oku kuthetha ukuba kubiza kancinci ukuyigcina, ngoko ke kutshiphu ukuyisebenzisa kwaye nexabiso lokuthenga lokuqala liphantsi. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, ibhayisekile yentaba enomsila onzima iye yaba lukhetho lwabaninzi ababalekayo. Nokuba ungumntu omtsha okanye onamava ebhayisekile yasezintabeni, i-hardtail yibhayisekile yomkhondo. Enyanisweni, ukuba ukhe wakhwela ibhayisekile yentaba enomsila, mhlawumbi uyavuma ukuba inokusingatha iindawo ezininzi.
* Ifolokhwe
Ifolokhwe isiqulatho sobuchwephesha obuphezulu bamacandelo ibhayisekile yeentaba, ibhayisekile yefolokhwe enzima yentaba inqabile, ngokusisiseko inefolokhwe yokutsala ukothuka. Kukho iifektri ezininzi kwihlabathi jikelele ezineefolokhwe ezilungileyo zangaphambili: iRST, SR Suntour, DNM, RockShox, Marzocchi, Manitou, FOX, BOS… ezimbini zokugqibela zinqabile, kwaye ixabiso liphezulu kakhulu. Nokuba ifolokhwe yemodeli yendalo yonke isondele kwi-yuan engama-1000, abanini beemoto ezintsha abanako ukuyifikelela, kwaye kunzima ukuyidlala indima yayo nokuba bayithenga.
Uhlobo lwesiphakathi:
(1) ifolokhwe yomtya: eyona folokhwe yodidi oluphantsi, akukho manzi.
Iimpawu: cheap, 300 yuan ukuthenga okulungileyo.
Ifolokhwe yokumelana: kunye nefolokhwe yokumelana njengephakathi, akukho manzi.
Iimpawu: ngaphezu kokwaneleyo kunangaphantsi, kodwa ifolokhwe yokuchasa iminyaka emithathu okanye ngoko iya kuguga, kufuneka itshintshwe.
Ifolokhwe yomthombo we-oyile yenziwe nge-Coil kunye ne-oyile njengendawo yokumanzisa.
Iimpawu: inzima, kodwa yomelele. Intwasahlobo ifumile ngakumbi, inobuntununtunu kwimpendulo encinci ye-vibration, ngokubanzi isiqingatha sonyaka kwi-oyile ye-shock absorber, ifolokhwe yeoyile.
(4) ye-oyile kunye nefolokhwe yerhasi: enoMoya (Umoya) njengesixhobo sokubuyela umva, ukothusa i-oyile njengokumanzisa.
Iimpawu: ilula kunefolokhwe ye-oil spring, kodwa ukuqina kuyancipha. (ayikho loo nto iphantsi, nokuba. I-cross-country eqhelekileyo ilungile ngokwaneleyo.) Dlala umoya rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, ivenkile yemoto iya kubonelela nge-cylinder yomoya okhethekileyo yokudlala, uthenge yedwa nayo, kunye ne-barometer ye-200 yuan okanye njalo. Inzuzo yokusebenzisa umoya njengento ephakathi kukuba ikhaphukhaphu kwaye ikhusela isihlahla somkhweli ngexesha lesantya esiphezulu sokunqumla ilizwe, kodwa ayikhathaleli kangako kwiintshukumo ezincinci.
Umyalelo wokusebenza wefolokhwe yangaphambili kufuneka ube ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: xa udibana nemiqobo - ifolokhwe yangaphambili ixinzelelwe - ukuya ngokugqithiseleyo - iphinde ibuyele kubude bokuqala (isantya sokubuyisela sichatshazelwa yi-damping) - inkqubo yokubhobhoza igqityiwe. .
Igama lobuchwephesha okanye lesiNgesi kwifolokhwe yangaphambili:
Ukuhamba: ubude bokugqibela ukuba ifolokhwe inokucinezela. I-XC kwi-80-120 - mm. Umzila kunye nefolokhwe ye-AM 130-160mm. Ukwehla kwesantya kufuneka kube ngaphezulu kwe-180mm.
I-Rebound: I-Rebound emva kokuncipha kwipali, nge-medium (i-resistance glue, Spring, air) ibuyele kubude bohambo bokuqala, oko kukuthi isiqingatha se-Spring, kuba isantya se-Rebound siya kuchatshazelwa kukuchithwa kweoli, ngoko yodwa ibe ligama lobugcisa. .
Ukuchasana nokudambisa: i-springback, isantya esingakanani i-springback, inqunywe ngukumelana. Ukuzilolonga ngesantya esiphezulu, ukuphinda kukhawulwe ngokukhawuleza, kuya kujongwa; I-Rebound iyacotha, uhambo luba lufutshane ngakumbi nangakumbi xa umqobo oqhubekayo ucinezelekile, ukuvakalelwa kwesandla kufana nefolokhwe enzima ngaphandle kokuphindaphinda.
Ukuhlengahlengiswa kwakhona: le yitekhnoloji yetekhnoloji kwaye ifolokhwe ngamakhulu eeyuan zibiza kakhulu. Kodwa ifolokhwe ye-Z3 ye-mazzucci yakudala iza nale mpawu; Ukongeza, i-RockShox ifolokhwe, nje ukuba imodeli ene-SL nayo ibhanti. Njengoko igama libonisa, kukulungelelanisa isantya sokuphindaphinda. Thatha ifolokhwe yalo msebenzi, akufuneki utshintshe i-oyile ecacileyo, etyebileyo, inokufezekisa injongo elungelelanisa i-rebound. Impembelelo yokulungelelaniswa kwe-rebound kwi-off-road - indlela encinci yamatye, indlela yodaka, ifuna ukuphinda ibuyele ngokukhawuleza; Indlela enamatye, amathontsi aphezulu kufuneka ibuyele umva ngokucothayo. I-rebound adjustment knob idla ngokuba kwicala lasekhohlo le-forkfoot. Umgaqo-siseko kukuba emva kokujikeleza, unokwenza umngxuma weoyile ube mncinci, kwaye unciphise inani leoli ngexesha leyunithi, wandise ixesha leoli, ukufezekisa injongo ye-rebound ecothayo. Kufana neplastiki yetyuwa yokugubha ityuwa enomngxuma kuyo. Ngokwemikhwa yokucinga yaseTshayina, kulula ukuqonda ukulawulwa kokuqina njengommiselo wokumelana, kuba isantya sokuqina silawulwa ngumlinganiselo wokuchasana kweoli ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Ukutshixa: xa ukhwele, ifolokhwe yangaphambili inokutshixwa ngeqhina elikhethekileyo. Njengefolokhwe enzima, ayinayo impendulo eyothusayo yokufunxa kuwo nawuphi na umqobo. Oku kuya kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwaye kwenze kube lula ukunyuka iinduli. Kwakhona kuya konga amandla kuhambo olude. Umdlali we-avareji ayiloncedo kakhulu kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe imali kwezinye izinto. Kukho ulwakhiwo lwetshixo ezimbini, isitshixo somatshini, isitshixo esimanzi.
* Inkqubo yokuqhobosha
Inkqubo ye-Brake ibandakanya i-brake, i-handle handle, i-brake line.
Iibhayisekile zasentabeni zisebenzisa iindidi ezimbini zeziqhoboshi: Iziqhoboshi ze-V kunye neebhuleki zediski, ngelixa iibhayisekile eziqhelekileyo zisebenzisa iziqhoboshi zokunqunyanyiswa ngokungaqhelekanga.
I-V brake: amandla amakhulu kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba i-friction wheel brake, ngoko ivili kufuneka lihlengahlengiswe endaweni, kwaye akukho lula ukuguqulwa.
I-Disc brake: xa kuthelekiswa ne-V brake, kunzima ngakumbi ukutshixa itayara. Xa uqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu, kuyingozi ukutshixa ivili, nto leyo eya kukhokelela kwi-side slip and rollover. Ixabiso le-Disc brake libiza kakhulu, inqaku elihle limalunga ne-yuan eyi-1000, i-V brake 400 yuan inokuthenga okulungileyo.
Iziqhoboshi zediskhi zohlulwe zibe zintlobo ezimbini: iziqhoboshi zediskhi zehydraulic kunye neziqhoboshi zediski zoomatshini. Iziqhoboshi zediskhi zehydraulic zixhomekeke kwioyile ukucinezela iipake pads ukufumana amandla amakhulu okuqhobosha. I-wire disc ibhuleki ngamandla eminwe ukuze ibhuleki, enyanisweni, isetyenziswe kwi-XC ngaphezu kokwaneleyo.
I-V brake nayo yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezimbini: i-hydraulic V brake kunye ne-mechanical V brake, i-brake yesikhumba umgaqo wesikhumba kunye neentlobo ezimbini ze-disc brake, ngokulandelanayo. Kodwa i-oyile yoxinzelelo lwe-V brake ayiqhelekanga kakhulu, kulula kakhulu ukufa, ngoko phantse akukho moto, kodwa i-09 GIANT ATX850 isebenzise i-oyile ye-V brake.
* Inkqubo yothumelo
Inkqubo yothumelo ibandakanya idiskhi yezinyo, ishaft ephakathi, ikhonkco kunye ne-flywheel.
Idiski yamazinyo: ikwabizwa ngokuba yidiski yamazinyo. Uninzi lwazo 3 iigiya, ezinye zazo ukutshintsha 2 ubunzima ukukhanya, kodwa abanye kubo sebenzisa 4 CNC, kodwa kancinci ungakhululekanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo iidiski zethu zamazinyo ziyi-44-32-22t, kodwa kukho i-3 * 10 isantya sediski zamazinyo yi-42-32-24.
I-axis esembindini: kukho iintlobo ezintathu ze-axis engundoqo edibeneyo, i-plum emngxuma i-axis esembindini kunye ne-square hole i-axis esembindini, ubude kunye nedayamitha nazo zinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo, kufuneka zithengwe ngokuhambelana nediski yezinyo ehambelanayo.
Itsheyini: le yimpahla etyiwayo, ityathanga eliqhekeziweyo lidla ngokukhwela umgama omde, qiniseka ukuba uthatha i-yoo spare elungileyo, hleze indlela ye-qinghai-tibet i-ashen hitchhiking.
Flywheel: khetha le. Kukho i-8, 24, 9, 27, kunye ne-10, 30. I-SRAM ine-11. Enyanisweni, umqhubi akayi kusebenzisa zonke iigiya, kwaye asebenzise kuphela i-gear 80% yexesha. Esi sixhobo kufuneka sibe sesona silungele ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokuphindaphinda kwepedali yomqhubi. Ngaloo ndlela, okukhona eneegiya ezininzi umqhubi, kokukhona eya kuchaneka ngakumbi xa ekhetha izixhobo zakhe. Imoto ye-27-speed ineegiya ezintathu ngaphezu kwe-24-speed car, inika umqhubi ukhetho oluninzi. Kwaye okukhona iigiya ezininzi, kokukhona zigudileyo utshintsho.
Inkqubo yesantya eguquguqukayo ibandakanya ukulawulwa kwesantya esiguquguqukayo, ukudayela kwangaphambili, ukucofa ngasemva kunye nomgca wesantya esiguqukayo.
Ukuhanjiswa, olona phawu luqhelekileyo lwasekhaya, enye yiShimano (eJapan), ezi zimbini yi-SRAM(eUnited States).
I-SRAM ngomnye woovulindlela kwimveliso yenkqubo yothumelo. I-Ximano nguye kuphela umenzi ezintabeni onokuthelekiswa ne-SRAM, kwaye iimveliso zayo eziphezulu zingathathwa njengezandla. Bobabini bathathe imarike yaseTshayina iminyaka emininzi. I-SRAM ngokwenene iphezulu ekusebenzeni kweendleko. Umzekelo, inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwe-SRAM X9 yenzelwe i-Shimano Deore XT, kodwa ixabiso liphantsi kakhulu. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-Shimano ayihambelani namanye amacandelo e-SRAM (umzekelo, i-SRAM ye-finger pull ratio yi-1: 1, ngelixa i-Shimano i-1: 2.5) kwaye kungcono ukuba ungayixubi.
Ntshantsha: icent ntlobo ezimbini, kukukhomba ukucofa, 2 kukujika, xa ujikela kwindawo yokugcina izinto, yiza ngokukhawuleza, abanye abantu banomdla wokukhomba ukucofa, ngenxa yomntu owahlukileyo. Ukuhanjiswa kweShimano ubukhulu becala kuqhutywa ngomnwe, kwaye i-SRAM yaziwa ngokusasaza kwayo.
Usenalo uhlobo oluphindwe kabini lokutshintsha isantya sokutshintsha, isiqhoboshi esijika umnwe kunye nesiqhoboshi senziwe sibe sisonke, inzuzo enjalo kukuba nokuhambelana okuphezulu kakhulu kwaye intle, ukusilela kukuba, xa ibrake yophukile umnwe ayophukanga, kusafuneka ukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo. Ukongeza, ukusebenza isiqhoboshi kunye nokutshintsha isantya ngexesha elinye ingozi enkulu efihliweyo kukhuseleko, kwaye inkqubo yolawulo kabini ngokusisiseko ukuhoxiswa kwimarike kwintsimi ibhayisekile entabeni.
Ukucofa ngaphambili: yiya kwi-XT ngemali eninzi, i-Alivio enesantya esisi-9 kunye ne-Deore enesantya se-10 ngemali encinci.
Ukucofa ngasemva: kubaluleke ngakumbi kunodayalo lwangaphambili, kucetyiswa ukuba ufakele umntu okwibakala eliphezulu kunomdawuli wangaphambili. Ezinje nge-Shimano SLX, i-Deore XT series, i-SRAM X9, njl., iqinile. Ngemali encinci, fumana i-Shimano Alivio ngesantya esisi-9 kunye ne-SRAM X5 kwisantya se-9/10.
Umgca wesantya oguquguqukayo: mncinane kunomgca webrake.
I-Attachment: U-Shimano ulinganiswe nge-XTR, i-Deore XT, i-SLX, i-Deore, i-Alivio, i-Acera, i-Altus, i-Tourney ukusuka phezulu ukuya phezulu.
I-Saint kunye ne-Zee nazo ziyafumaneka kwimarike yeDH, ngelixa i-SLX ifaneleka ngakumbi kwi-AM.
* Amavili
Amavili aquka umphetho, ucingo lwentsimbi, iasi yangaphambili nangasemva, itayara, itayara langaphakathi.
Umphetho: ibhayisekile yasezintabeni kufuneka isebenzise iirim ezimbini. Ngenxa yokuba umaleko ophindwe kabini womelele kunomaleko omnye, unokumelana novavanyo lomhlaba ombi wokwenza ibhayisekile. Umphetho wohlulwe kwakhona waba: i-cutter rim kunye ne-i-ring.
Inzuzo yeringi ye-cutter kukuba yomelele ngokuchasene nempembelelo ye-longitudinal, kungakhathaliseki ukuba unamandla kangakanani na, ayiyi kuvelisa i-deformation yesetyhula, ngelixa i-deformation transverse kulula ukuyilungisa. Ikwanciphisa ukuxhathisa komoya kwaye ilungele abaqhubi abafundayo kunye noqeqesho. I-Didvantage inzima, ayifanelekanga ukunyuka.
I – ring transverse impembelelo ukuxhathisa ngamandla.
Intambo yensimbi (i-spokes) : kukho ezimbini, enye iqhelekile, icandelo lomnqamlezo lijikelezileyo; Elinye icandelo lomnqamlezo lisicaba, elinciphisa ukutsalwa ngaphambili.
I-Axle: ikwabizwa ngokuba ligubu lentyatyambo. Ngabahlobo be-disc brake, kufuneka bakhethe i-disc brake shaft, kuba i-disc brake disc igxininiswe kwi-disc brake shaft; V ibrake bahlobo, ungasebenzisa ishaft eqhelekileyo, ukuba ufuna ukunyusela kwidisc brake, ungafaka idisc brake shaft.
I-asi yahlulwe yaba yi-asi "perrin" kunye ne "bead gear". Kunconywa ukuthenga i-perrin shaft, enokutshintshwa.
Itayara langaphandle: kubaluleke kakhulu kuba ichaphazela ngqo ulawulo lomkhweli kwindlela ethile. Iipateni ezahlukeneyo zokunyathela ziqhelana nemigangatho yendlela eyahlukileyo.
Ukugqabhuka kwetayara, kokukhona ukuxhathisa kuncinci, kokukhona isantya sikhawuleza, kokukhona kuqina ukukhuhlana kwiflethi. Itayara elingenanto, lilungele indlela yesamente ethe tyaba yesixeko.
Okukhona i-convex ukunyathela, kokukhona ukuxhathisa okukhulu, kokukhona isantya sicotha, kokukhona ingquzulana yomelele entabeni.
Ityhubhu yangaphakathi: iyasebenziseka.