GRETCHEN REYNOLDS: Kodi ma e-njinga ayenera kukhala okwiya?

Kodi kuyendetsa e-njinga njanji yabwino? Kodi kuyendetsa e-njinga ndikotetezeka?

Ndi chidwi komanso kugulitsa kwakukulu kwa pedal-

njinga zamagetsi zothandizidwa ndi mliriwu, mafunso awa akugawana mwachangu. Kafukufuku watsopano wokhazikika munthawi yake komanso wotonthoza wa zoyendetsa njinga za e-njinga ndi upangiri wangozi kuti yankho lafunso lililonse nthawi zambiri ndilotsimikizika, ngakhale aliyense amene akuyendetsa e-njinga akufuna kuti azindikire kuti ukatswiri wake ukupalasa njinga ndi kick izo.

Monga ambiri a ife mosakayikira timazindikira, kuyendetsa njinga zamoto kwakhala kofala kwambiri komanso kofunitsitsa miyezi 12 iyi, popeza anthu ambiri ali m'nyumba zawo. Kuyendetsa galimoto kudzatifikitsa kunja, mwamphamvu ndikupita kwinakwake — kulikonse — kwina kulikonse. Komabe imaphatikizaponso mtunda, mapiri, mphepo komanso miyendo ya lead, yomwe ingakhale yovuta.

Lowani ma e-njinga. Mofulumira pa njinga zamagetsi, awa ndi njinga zam'misewu kapena zamapiri zokhala ndi mota wowonjezera wamagetsi womwe umatipangitsa kuti tizitha kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi.

Ma e-bikes ambiri amatengedwa ngati amodzi mwa mitundu itatu:

• Ma bicycle a Class 1 apano amakuthandizani mukamayendetsa, ngati liwiro lalikulu la 20 miles pa ola limodzi.

• Mafashoni a m'kalasi lachiwiri amalimbitsa zomwe mwakumana nazo ngakhale simukubera, komabe dinani pa 2 miles pa ola limodzi.

• Ma e-bicycle a Class 3 amathandizira kupalasa kwambiri ngati liwiro lalikulu la ma 28 mamailosi pa ola limodzi. (Malamulo a Native amasintha mosiyanasiyana amtundu wanji panjinga zomwe zimaloledwa panjinga, njinga kapena misewu. Kuti mumve zambiri za malangizo a e-bike mlengalenga, onani https://peopleforbikes.org/our-work/e-bikes/.)

Popeza kuthekera kwawo kutithandizira kuyenda ma mile angapo osafuna ngolo yokwatirana, ma e-njinga malonda ochuluka akwera ndi 70 pc kapena zowonjezera mwezi uliwonse chifukwa mliriwu udayambika, kutengera ziwerengero zamalonda.

Komabe kutchuka kumeneku kumatha kukhala ndi phindu. A Simon Cowell, aserbic asankha pa "America's Acquired Expertise," adagonekedwa mchipatala posachedwa ataphwanyanso kachiwiri mchidziwitso chake choyamba pa e-njinga yatsopano.

Anthu ambiri amvapo nkhani zosiyana (makamaka zosavomerezeka) za ngozi za e-njinga. Ndipo anthu ochepa amadabwa ngati kuyendetsa e-njinga, mothandizidwa nayo, ngakhale kumawerengedwa ngati masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kutengera komaliza kumeneku, ngakhale, koyambirira kwa kafukufuku watsopanoyu ndikulimbikitsa. Wosindikizidwa mu Julayi mu The Worldwide Journal of Environmental Analysis and Public Well being, idakhudza azimayi ndi amuna achikulire okwanira 101 ku Hamburg, Germany, omwe adavomera kusinthana kuyendetsa njinga wamba kapena e-njinga kwa nthawi yopitilira milungu iwiri.

Wodzipereka aliyense amasankha cholembera chake chotchuka kwambiri cha e-njinga, pomwe ambiri amasankha njinga zam'misewu zothamanga kwambiri pafupifupi ma mailosi 20 pa ola limodzi. Kuti alipire zomwe zatulukazo, omwe adathandizira adakhala milungu ingapo azolowere njinga zawo zam'masitima aposachedwa kuposa nthawi yofufuzira.

Ofufuzawo adapatsanso odzipereka awo ziwonetsero zolimbitsa thupi, ziwonetsero zamitima yamtima ndi pulogalamu yapadera yam'manja komwe okwerawo amatha kufotokozera maulendo awo, mtunda ndi momwe akumenyera thupi zonse zomwe adakumana nazo.

Asayansi sanapatse mwayi odzipereka awo, komabe, za malowa, nthawi kapena momwe angachitire, atero a Hedwig Stenner, wothandizirana ndi Institute of Sports shughuli Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo ku Hannover Medical College, yemwe adatsogolera kafukufuku watsopano. Ofufuzawa amafuna kuwona momwe anthu, mwa iwo eni, angagwiritsire ntchito njinga zosiyaniranazo, komanso ngati kuyendetsa kwawo kungasinthe ndi ma e-njinga.

Thandizo lamagetsi lidasintha zizolowezi zawo, ofufuzawo apeza. Nthawi zambiri, azimayi ndi abambo amayenda maulendo angapo pamasabata awiriwa ndi ma e-njinga, pafupifupi maulendo 5 pa sabata ndiye, motsutsana atatu pamlungu ndimachitidwe wamba.

Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, mtunda wokwera wa anthu ambiri sunasunthike, mtundu uliwonse wa njinga zamoto zomwe adakwera; okwera awo sanali ataliatali pa ma e-bicycle, komabe anali ochulukirapo pafupipafupi.

Milandu yawo yamitengo yam'mimba imasiyananso. Nthawi zambiri, milandu yamitima yamitima ya anthu inali pafupifupi kuchepa kwa pc pafupifupi 8 atakwera njinga za e-bikini, komabe

munthawi yamaganizidwe osiyanasiyana okhudza sitima yapakatikati.

Zotsatira zake, patadutsa milungu iwiri pomwe odzipereka adakwera njinga zamoto, adapeza mphindi zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi kuti akwaniritse upangiri wanthawi zonse wa mphindi 150 za masewera olimbitsa thupi. Atakwera mwachizolowezi

njinga, sanatero.

Stenner akuti. Oposa awiri mwa atatu mwa omwe adathandizira adalangiza ofufuzawo kuti amakonda ma e-njinga ndipo adzaganiza zakuwagwiritsa ntchito "kwa zaka zochepa," kutengera funso lofufuza kafukufuku womaliza.

Komabe kaya ma e-bicycle atha kukhala ngozi yayikulu pangozi kuposa njinga zomwe zimafunsidwa. "Palibe ngozi zoopsa zomwe akutiuza" pakupanga kafukufuku, Stenner akuti.

Kafukufuku watsopano wotsutsana ndi ma e-bikes, omwe adasindikizidwa mu Disembala mu Kupewa Kovulaza, ndi chenjezo lina. Pachifukwachi, ofufuza ku Koleji ya Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo ku New York adasunga nkhokwe padziko lonse lapansi yopita kuzipinda zadzidzidzi kuti adziwe zambiri za ngozi zomwe zimachitika poyendetsa njinga wamba, njinga yamoto, kapena e-bike kuyambira 2000 mpaka 2017.

Adapeza maphunziro ambiri. Oposa 9 miliyoni amuna, atsikana ndi achinyamata adatsimikizika mchipinda chadzidzidzi atawonongeka pomwe akuyendetsa njinga wamba mzaka zonse za 17. Wina 140,000 adadzivulaza pa scooter, ndipo pafupifupi 3,000 pa e-bikes (zachilendo zachilendo mzaka zoyambirira za kafukufukuyu).

Nthawi zambiri, ngozi za e-njinga mwina zimakhala zowopsa kwambiri ndipo zimafunikira kuti agonekere kuchipatala.

Chifukwa chomwe ma e-bikers amadzipweteketsa kwambiri kuposa okwera osiyanasiyana sayenera kuwonekera bwino pazomwe zawonongeka, atero a Charles DiMaggio, katswiri wowononga matenda ku NYU Langone Well being, yemwe adatsogolera kafukufuku watsopano. Komabe velocity mosakayikira adagwira ntchito.

"Tonsefe timadziwa kuti ma e-bicycle amatha kuyenda mwachangu kuposa njinga zamoto," akutero, kupatula ngati inu muli njinga yamoto yomwe imaphulitsa bomba pamapiri opitilira 20 kapena 30 miles pa ola limodzi. "Ndipo tonse tikudziwa kuti kuthamanga kwamphamvu nthawi zambiri kumathera mu ngozi zoopsa kwambiri."

Komabe pakhoza kukhala chidziwitso cholimbikitsa chophatikizidwa mu ziwerengero za kuwonongeka, akutero. M'zaka zoyambilira zokutidwa ndi kafukufukuyu, ngozi zambiri za e-njinga zimakhudza ana azaka zosakwana 18, omwe akuwoneka kuti ndi omwe anali oyamba kulandira njinga zatsopanozi. Zomwe zidachitika mgululi zidachepa kwambiri mzaka zapitazi za kafukufukuyu, ngakhale, chifukwa zidakwera pakati pa anthu azaka zapakati pa 45 mpaka 65.

Kusintha kumeneku kungatanthauze kuti okwera nawo unyamata adakula kukhala "odziwa zambiri" ndi maupangiri amomwe mungapezere ma e-njinga mosatekeseka, atero a DiMaggio, kukula komwe, ndi nthawi komanso ukatswiri, kuyenera kuchepetsa ngozi pakati pa okwera, achikulire.

Kapenanso manambala atha kulangiza kuti ocheperako achinyamata akugwiritsa ntchito ma e-bikes, kusiya amayi awo ndi abambo awo kapena agogo awo kukhala omwe tsopano akuyang'ana ma e-njinga, ndikuwasiya.

Pazochitika zonsezi, ngakhale, zomwe kafukufukuyu achita ndichodziwikiratu, a DiMaggio akuti. M'mbuyomu kuposa kupita kumisewu kapena njira pa e-bike, "dzidziwitseni ndi njinga," akutero. “Valani chisoti. Tsatirani malangizo a alendo. Osamwa ndikumwa. ”

E-bikes, pamtima, ndi njinga, kotero kuti mukakumana ndi njinga yamoto, mutha kukhala ndi e-bike. "Mutha kumangomverera ngati muli ndi miyendo yopambana" pamitundu yamagetsi yolimba, atero a Ian Kenny, wamkulu wa ma e-bike wa Specialised, kampani yama njinga yamoto yomwe imapanga njinga zamagetsi zam'misewu ndi mapiri.

Ma bicycle a e-e amapititsa patsogolo kuthamanga kwa njinga, ngakhale, okwera ndege ambiri atha kupindula ndi ena powona ma spins pamalo otetezedwa ndi alendo ocheperako asanapite kumisewu kapena njira, a Kenny akuti. Sakani malo opaka magalimoto opanda kanthu kapena msewu wotsekedwa ndi alendo panthawi ya mliriwu pamaulendo anu oyamba.

Nthawi yonseyi, gwiritsani ntchito malo omwe njinga yanu ili yocheperako. (E-njinga zamtundu wathunthu zimapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yothandizira.) Ma e-bicycle amathamanga mwachangu kuposa njinga wamba, Kenny amatulutsa, ndikuti kufulumira kwadzidzidzi kumatha kusokoneza ndikuchepetsa okwera osakonzekera.

Tsatirani kuchepa ndi kusweka. "Chifukwa cha ma e-njinga olemera komanso othamanga mwachangu, angafunike nthawi yochulukirapo ndi mtunda kuti asiye" kuposa njinga wamba, a Kenny akutero.

Mukamapita kumisewu yotseguka kapena njira, kumbukirani kuti muwone momwe moyo wa batri wanu ulili. Ma mile atha kuyenda pomwe kuyenda kwanu kumathandizidwa, komabe ulendo wobwerera ukhoza kukhala wautali komanso wotopetsa ngati mwataya batri yanu, makamaka popeza ma e-bicycle, onsewo, ndi olemetsa kuposa njinga wamba.

Pomaliza, valani masks ngati mungakhale oyenda mozungulira komanso oyenda pansi, ndipo mwina onjezani belu ya njinga panjinga yanu, ngati sizinali zida wamba. Imveni koyambirira kuposa kudutsa aliyense.

"Chitirani ena zomwe mukufuna kuti mundisamalire," akutero Kenny. "Sizosangalatsa konse kudabwitsidwa ndi mwini njinga ikubwera."