njinga yamoto
Pamene nyengo yachilimwe ndi yachisanu imayamba kugwa chipale chofewa, oyendetsa njinga ambiri amangobweza chete njinga zawo m'galimoto. Kodi zikanakhala zosiyana ndikanakuwuzani kuti mutha kukwera a njinga patsiku lachisanu? Malingana ngati pali matayala amafuta, zonse ndizotheka.
Kunena zowona, iyi ndi njinga yamagetsi mwapadera kwa matalala kukwera, zida ndi kwambiri lonse-m'mimba mwake matayala odana ndi skid-wamba njinga zamagetsi okhala ndi matayala awiri pafupifupi 6.35 cm, ndipo matayala amafuta amatha kufikira 10 mpaka 13 cm. Kuwonjezeka kwa malo olumikizirana pakati pa matayala opitilira muyeso ndi nthaka kumachepetsa kukakamiza (ndikuganiza kuti kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 34-69 kPa), kotero woyendetsa akhoza kukwera pamalo ofewa monga mchenga, matope kapena matalala mwakufuna.
Zoyeserera za njinga yamafuta zitha kuyambika zaka za m'ma 1980, pomwe okonda njinga zamizu yoyambira adayamba kuchita phokoso lokwera njinga zamapiri pamchenga ndi matalala!
Mu 1986, injiniya waku France a Jean Naud adadutsa m'chipululu cha Sahara ali ndi matayala apadera osankhidwa ndi Michelin. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, mpikisano wa Iditabike, womwe udachitika atangomaliza mpikisano wotchuka wa Iditabike ku Alaska, udadzutsa chidwi cha anthu ambiri okwera njinga, ndipo okonda masewera adasintha zida zawo kuti zigwirizane ndi Zofunikira pakukwera chipale chofewa.
Nthawi yomweyo, oyenda pa njinga zam'mlengalenga ku New Mexico, USA adayamba kupanga njinga zamatalala zomwe zimakhala ndi matayala akuluakulu ndipo adapita ku Alaska mzaka za m'ma 1990. Mu 2005, sitima yapamtunda yotchedwa Pugsley yopangidwa ndi kampani yotchedwa Surly Bikes ku Minnesota idayikidwa pamsika. Imeneyi inali galimoto yoyamba yopangira mafuta. Kapangidwe kake Dave Gray adalongosola za kapangidwe kagalimotoyi motere: "Mtundu woyenera kupikisana, kufufuza zakutchire, kupalasa njinga kumapiri, ulimi kapena mafakitale, kusaka / kuwedza / kusaka nyama, kuyendetsa magetsi pama njinga oyendetsa njinga , kukwera njinga kumapiri / kumanga msasa. ”
Chifukwa chake, mwamaganizidwe okhazikika, galimoto yamagalimoto yamafuta sichinthu chatsopano; koma ndizowona kuti sichinazindikiridwe mpaka pomwe chidabwereranso kwa anthu mwamphamvu mzaka zaposachedwa. Associated Press inanena kuti matayala amafuta ndi "omwe angakhale msika wamsika kwambiri pamakampani a njinga"; Magazini ya Outdoor idayitcha kuti "njira yotentha kwambiri panjinga" ndikuyifanizira ndi "Magalimoto oyendetsedwa ndi anthu"
Kwa okwera njinga, chomwe chimakopa kwambiri ndikuti amatha kupitiliza kukwera nthawi yozizira. Kaya akufuna kukwera mumzinda mwakufuna kwawo, kapena kupita ku chisanu kapena kuthengo kuti akasangalale ndi zokumana nazo zosangalatsa, matayala amafuta amatha kukwaniritsa izi. Osati zokhazi, masewera atsopanowa amakopanso ena okwera njinga, monga okonda kutsetsereka, omwe apeza kuti kupalasa njinga ndimasewera achisangalalo komanso osangalatsa.
M'mbuyomu, sizinali zophweka kupeza njinga yamagetsi yokhala ndi matayala amafuta. Pali masitolo ochepa okha omwe amagulitsa zinthu zoterezi, ndipo pali masheya ochepa kwambiri (nthawi zambiri amakhala amodzi kapena awiri okha). Tsopano, mutha kugula tayala lamafuta njinga zamagetsi kuchotsera patsamba lovomerezeka la hotebike. Ngati mulibe njinga yamagetsi yamafuta yomwe mumakonda, mungayesenso njinga yamoto choyamba
M'mbuyomu, zochitika ngati izi zinali zosaganizirika kwa oyenda pa njinga: kukwera chipale chofewa, kudutsa m'nkhalango za poplar; kapena kupalasa njinga kutsetsereka pamtunda wodzaza ndi zopinga, zokhotakhota pakati pa nkhalango zobiriwira. Zikuwoneka kuti ndi okhawo okwera njinga za Nordic omwe sangathe kuwongolera malowa. Koma masiku ano, kukwera tayala lamafuta ozungulira pafupifupi masentimita 13 kumatha kuyenda mosavuta chipale chofewa. Izi ndi zomwe timachita, uku ndikumakwera chipale chofewa, kotentha kwambiri!
Chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwa mafuta, matayala amafuta akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Matayala amafuta nthawi zonse amakopa chidwi cha odutsa. Mukamakwera pagulu la anthu ovala masuti olemera a ski ndi nsapato za chipale chofewa, anthu amatamanda kwambiri. Kupatula apo, aliyense ali ndi malingaliro akuti kupalasa njinga ndimasewera omwe amatha kuchitidwa nyengo yotentha.
Ku Grand Targhee Ski Resort ku Wyoming, kukwera njinga zamatalala kwakhala masewera otchuka. Malowa apanga njinga yama njinga pafupi ndi misewu inayi ya ski makamaka kwa okonda njinga zamatalala. Njinga iyi yodzaza ndi mawonekedwe a Nordic ndi kutalika kwa ma kilomita 15.
Mnyamata wamtali komanso wowonda adawoneka womasuka atakwera njinga yamagetsi yayikulu njinga yamoto yokhala ndi matayala amafuta. Ngakhale ndimapumira ndikutuluka thukuta kwambiri, ndinali ndikumatsalira pafupifupi mita 10 kumbuyo kwake. Kugunda kwa mtima wanga kunali kothamanga kwambiri kotero kuti kamtima kanga kakang'ono kanatsala pang'ono kukokedwa. anaphulika. Ngakhale zida zake ndizopepuka, kukwera njinga kukwera chipale chofunabe sichinthu chovuta kwambiri, osanenapo kulemera kwa njinga iyi sikopepuka. Kuvala zovala zingapo zachisanu, kuvala chisoti chotsetsereka ndi nsapato zolemera za chipale chofewa, kuphatikiza chikwama, kulemera konseku kwakula ndi makilogalamu 45. Kulemera uku kumapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yosavuta konse.
Chipale chofewa ndi chisanu pamtunda wa 2377 mita zidasokoneza kupuma kwanga kolemera kale. William mobwerezabwereza adayimilira ndikudikirira kuti nditsatire kuti andithandizenso kuyambiranso. Kuwona wokwera wamng'ono kwambiri kuposa ine, akumapumira komanso kuvutika kuti atikwerere, kudzidalira kwanga kumamverera bwino.
Malongosoledwe pamwambapa amisewu yovuta yakukwera atha kukhala ovuta kuwina okonda kukwera matalala. Chosangalatsa chachikulu kwambiri pa njinga zamoto nthawi zonse chimakhala chisangalalo chaufulu mukamatsikira phiri mosasunthika ndikutembenuka mwamphamvu, ndikumakwera ndi kutsika.
Pofuna kupereka zokopa zokwanira kuti zitha kukwera bwino, matayala sangadzaze kwambiri — pafupifupi 35 mpaka 103 kPa. Tangoganizirani kumverera kwa kukhala pampando wa mpira, zomwe zikufanana kwambiri ndikumverera kwa kukhala pa tayala lamafuta. Mosiyana ndi izi, mukakwera njinga yamsewu, matayala opapatiza amabweretsa kuthamanga kwambiri (758 kPa), ndipo kugwedera komwe wokwera njingayo amakhala wolimba mofananamo.
Anderson adatsimikiza muupangiri kuti muyenera kuyesa kutsatira mzere wapakati pamsewu mukakwera. Adakumbutsa kuti chipale chofewa mbali zonse ziwiri za mseu nchopepuka ndipo njinga njosavuta kukanika. Pambuyo pake, Anderson iyemwini adawonetsa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike mukatembenuka kwambiri kapena mopitilira muyeso.
Akutulutsa chipale chofewa m'makutu mwake, adayamba kuseka ndikunena, "Mwamwayi inali malo otsetsereka." Adandichitira chidwi kwambiri m'chipale chofewa - wokwera mngelo wachisanu.
Kwa Anderson, matayala amafuta amamupatsa njira ina yolowera m'nkhalango nthawi yozizira. Ngati kupalasa njinga kukupitilizabe kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, wokwerayo atha kupita kwina. Monga momwe oyendetsa masewerawa amayang'ana pansi okondwerera chipale chofewa koyambirira, okonda kukwera pamahatchi nawonso amakumana ndi mafunso komanso zovuta zakukwera kwachisanu. Komabe, ngati okonda masewerawa amakhala ndi mwayi wopeza njinga zamatalala, omwe amakwera njinga zamoto kapena amasangalala ndi ayezi ndi chipale chofewa mothandizidwa ndi sleds apeza njinga zosatha. Pakadali pano, akadali ndi chidwi chodikirira kuti awone.
Hotebike ikugulitsa magetsi mapiri, ngati mukufuna, chonde dinani njinga yamoto tsamba lovomerezeka kuti muwone