UKUQWALASELWA KWABASEBENZI: Ngaba kufuneka i-e-bikes ibe yiyo yonke ingqumbo?

Ngaba ukuqhuba uloliwe ohamba ngebhayisekile ulungile? Ngaba ukuqhuba i-e-bike kukhuselekile?

Ngomdla kwaye ukuthengisa okupheleleyo kwe-pedal-

Ukuncediswa kweebhayisikile zombane eziqhubela phambili kwindyikitya yokufa, le mibuzo yabelana ngokungxamiseka okukhulayo. Uphando olwenziweyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo noluthuthuzelayo lokukhwela kwabaqhubi beebhayisikile kunye neengozi ngengcebiso yokuphendula imibuzo nganye ngokubanzi iqinisekile, nangona umntu eqhuba i-e-bhayisekile efuna ukuhlala eyazi ukuba ubuchwephesha bukhwela ibhayisekile. yiyo.

Njengokuba uninzi lwethu ngokungathandabuzekiyo lwazi, ukuqhuba ibhayisekile kuye kwaqheleka ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nokulangazelela kwezi nyanga zili-12, kuba abantu abaninzi bakwimeko engaphandle kwendlu. Ukuqhuba kuyakusizisa ngaphandle, ngamandla kwaye sibhekise kwindawo ethile – naphina – kwenye indawo. Nangona kunjalo ibandakanya umgama, iinduli, umoya kunye nemilenze ekhokelayo, eya kuba nzima.

Ngenisa ii-e-bikes. Ngokukhawuleza iibhayisikile zombane, ezi zezitrato okanye ezentaba iibhayisekile ezinemoto ebhetri enezixhobo ezisebenzisa amandla ethu okusonga.

Uninzi lwee-e-bikes ziwa zithathele ingqalelo enye yeendidi ezintathu:

• Udidi lokuqala lweebhayisikile ezikhoyo ziluncedo ngelixa unyathela, ngokungathi sisantya esiphambili seemayile ezingama-1 ngeyure.

• Iklasi yesi-2 yemfashini yamandla ngamava akho nokuba awukhe ngenyawo, nangona kunjalo cofa kwi-20 yeekhilomitha ngeyure.

• Udidi lwee-e-bikes zodidi lwe-3 zinceda ukuloba ngesantya esiphezulu semayile engama-28 ngeyure. (Imithetho yemveli iyaguquguquka malunga nokuba zeziphi iibhayisikile ezivunyelweyo ezindleleni zebhayisekile, ezindleleni okanye ezindleleni. Iinkcukacha malunga nezikhokelo ze-e-bike kwisithuba sakho, jonga https://peopleforbikes.org/our-work/e-bikes/.)

Banikwe isakhono sabo sokusinceda ukuba sibambe iinkomo ezininzi ngaphandle kokufuna inqwelomoya yomtshato, ii-e-bikes zentengiso enkulu inyuke nge-70 pc okanye ngaphezulu inyanga nenyanga kuba ubhubhane uqalile, ngokusekwe kubalo lwamanani orhwebo.

Nangona kunjalo olu dumo lunokuthwala ixabiso. USimon Cowell, i-acerbic ikhetha “kwi-America's Acquired Expertise,” ulaliswe esibhedlele mva nje emva kokuqhekeka kwakhona kumava akhe okuqala kwi-e-bhayisekile entsha kraca.

Uninzi lwabantu luvile amabali ahlukeneyo (ngesiqhelo apocryphal) ngeengozi ze-e-bike. Kwaye bambalwa abantu abothusayo ukuba uqhuba i-e-bhayisekile, ngoncedo lwayo, kunye nokubala njengomthambo.

Ekuxhomekekeni kokugqibela, nangona, eyona nto iphambili kuphando olutsha inokuqinisekisa. Ishicilelwe ngoJulayi kwiJenali yeHlabathi yeHlabathi yoHlalutyo lokusiNgqongileyo kunye noLuntu oluPhilileyo, yayixhalabisa abantu abadala abangama-101 nabasetyhini eHamburg, eJamani, abavuma ukutshintshisa ukuqhuba zombini ibhayisekile okanye i-e-bhayisekile ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.

Wonke amavolontiya akhethe i-e-bike mannequin ethandwa kakhulu, uninzi lwayo lukhetha iibhayisekile zasesitratweni ezinesantya esincedayo malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-20 ngeyure. Ukuhlawulela umba wenoveli, ababenegalelo bachitha iiveki ezimbalwa bezisebenzisa i-e-bikes zabo ngaphambi kwexesha lophando.

Abaphandi bongeze amavolontiya abo ngokubonisa imithambo, ukuboniswa kweentlawulo zentliziyo kunye neapps ekhethekileyo yeselfowuni apho abakhweli banokuthi baxele khona uhambo lwabo, umgama kunye nendlela yokukhupha umzimba onke amava abenawo.

Izazinzulu azibonelelanga ngokuzithandela amavolontiya, nangona kunjalo, malunga nendawo, nini okanye njani kumava, utshilo uHedwig Stenner, umlingani wohlalutyo kwiZiko leMisebenzi yemidlalo iziyobisi kwiHannover Medical College, okhokele uphando olutsha kraca. Abaphandi banqwenela ukubona ukuba abantu, ngokwabo, bangazisebenzisa njani iibhayisikile ezahluke ngokupheleleyo, kwaye nokuba ukuqhuba kwabo kungatshintsha na ngee-bikes.

Uncedo lombane luyitshintshile imikhwa yabo, abaphandi bafumanisa. Ngokwesiqhelo, abasetyhini kunye namadoda babehamba ngaphezulu kwezi veki zimbini ngee-bikes, umndilili malunga nokukhwela okungu-5 ngeveki emva koko, xa kuthelekiswa kathathu ngeveki ngemijikelo yesiqhelo.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, umgama abakhwele kuwo abaninzi awuzange ushukume, nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwesithuthuthu abebelukhwela; abakhweli babo bebengekho mde kwiibhayisikile ze-e, nangona kunjalo bebesoloko beqhubeka rhoqo.

Intlawulo yeentliziyo zabo yayahluka ngokwahlukileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, izityholo zentliziyo yabantu ezimalunga ne-8 pc ziyehla emva kokuba bekhwelise i-e-bikes, nangona kunjalo beqhubeka bephakamile

Kuzo zonke iingcinga ezahlukileyo malunga nololiwe ophakathi.

Ngenxa yoko, ekuhambeni kweeveki ezimbini xa amavolontiya ekhwele i-e-bikes, afumana imizuzu eyaneleyo yokuzivocavoca umzimba ukuze azalisekise iingcebiso zoololiwe eziqhelekileyo zemizuzu eli-150 yomthambo. Emva kokuba bekhwele njengesiqhelo

iibhayisekile, azenzanga.

Uninzi olongezelelekileyo luxela ukuthanda unyawo, uStenner uthi. Abangaphezulu kwesibini kwisithathu sabanikeli bayalele abaphandi ukuba bayazithanda i-e-bikes kwaye bazakucinga ngokuzisebenzisa "iminyaka embalwa," ngokusekwe kwiphepha lemibuzo lokuvala.

Nangona kunjalo nokuba ii-e-bikes zinokubangela ingozi enkulu kwiingozi kunokuba iibhayisikile eziqhelekileyo zihlala zinombuzo ovulekileyo. "Akukho ngozi zibi ezixeliweyo kuthi" kwinkqubo yohlalutyo, utshilo uStenner.

Uphando olutsha olwahlukileyo lwee-bikes, olwaprintwa ngoDisemba kuthintelo lweHarm, lumka ngakumbi. Ngenxa yoko, abaphandi beKholeji yaseNew York yeKholeji yeziyobisi badibanisa ugcino lwedatha kwilizwe lonke lokundwendwela igumbi ngeenkcukacha malunga neengozi ezinxulumene nokuqhuba ibhayisekile eqhelekileyo, isithuthuthu esinenjini, okanye ibhayisekile ye-e ukusuka ngo-2000 ukuya ku-2017.

Bafumanise uninzi lwezifundo. Ingaphezulu kwesigidi se-9 samadoda, amantombazana kunye nolutsha baqinisekisiwe kwigumbi likaxakeka emva kokuba benziwe umonakalo ngelixa uqhuba ibhayisekile eqhelekileyo kuyo yonke le minyaka ili-17. Omnye u-140,000 uzenzakalisile kwizikuta, kwaye malunga ne-3,000 kwi-e-bikes (into engaqhelekanga phakathi kweminyaka yokuqala yophando).

Ngokwesiqhelo, iingozi ze-e-bike bezizezona zigqithisileyo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo zifuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele.

Kutheni ii-e-bikers zithande ukuzenzakalisa ngakumbi kunokuba abakhweli abohlukeneyo bengacacanga kulwazi lomonakalo, utshilo uCharles DiMaggio, ugqirha wezifo zengqondo kwi-NYU Langone Well being, okhokele uphando olutsha kraca. Nangona kunjalo isantya senze umsebenzi.

"Sonke siyazi ukuba ii-e-bikes zinokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kunemijikelezo yesiqhelo yeephedali," utshilo, ngaphandle kokuba ungumdyarho webhayisekile oqhushumbe ezantsi kweenduli ngaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezingama-20 okanye ezingama-30 ngeyure. "Kwaye sonke siyazi ukuba isantya esiphakamileyo siphela kwiingozi ezimandla ngakumbi."

Nangona kunjalo kunokubakho ulwazi olukhuthazayo olufakwe kuwo onke amanani obalo, utshilo. Kwiminyaka yokuqala egutyungelwe luphando, uninzi lweengozi ze-e-bike ezichaphazela abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18, ababonakala ngathi babengabokuqala ukwamkela le ndlela intsha yokuhamba ngeebhayisikile. Izehlo phakathi kweli qela zehle ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yakutshanje yophando, nangona, nangenxa yokuba inyukile phakathi kwabantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-45 ukuya kuma-65.

Olu tshintsho lungabonisa ukuba abakhweli abasebatsha bakhule baba “nolwazi olungaphaya” ngeengcebiso zokuba ungazifumana njani i-e-bikes ngokukhuselekileyo, utshilo uDiMaggio, ukukhula okuya kuthi, ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nobungcali, kufanele ukuba kunciphise iingozi phakathi kwabagibeli abadala, abadala.

Okanye amanani anokucebisa ukuba bambalwa abantu abancinci abasebenzisa i-e-bikes, beshiya umama notata okanye ootatomkhulu babo ukuba babe ngabo ngoku abakhangela i-e-bikes, kwaye bawe kubo.

Kuzo zombini ezi meko, nangona, uphando oluthathwayo lucacile, utshilo uDiMaggio. Kwangoko ngaphandle kokuya ezindleleni okanye ezindleleni kwi-e-bike, "ziqhelanise nebhayisikile," utshilo. “Thwala isigcina-ntloko. Qaphela izikhokelo zabatyeleli. Musa ukusela namava. ”

Iibhayisekile, kwi-coronary heart, ziibhayisikile, ke kwimeko apho unokuba namava ngesithuthuthu, unokuba nakho ukufumana i-e-bhayisekile. "Ungaziva nje ngokungathi unemilenze yeqhawe" kukwahluka kombane, utshilo u-Ian Kenny, umphathi oyintloko webhayisekile e-Specialised, inkampani yezithuthuthu eyenza isitalato sombane kunye neebhayisikile zasezintabeni.

Iibhayisekile ze-E zonyusa isantya sokuhamba ngeebhayisikile, nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabakhweli abatsha banokuzuza kwabanye ngokujonga ijikeleza kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kunye neendwendwe ezincinci ngaphambili kunokuba ziye ezindleleni okanye ezindleleni, utshilo uKenny. Khangela indawo enkulu yokupaka imoto engenanto okanye isitalato esivaliweyo kubakhenkethi ngexesha lendyikityha yokuhamba kwakho kokuqala.

Ngawo onke la maxesha okushukuma, sebenzisa ezona ndawo zisezantsi zokunceda. (Iibhayisekile ezahluke ngokupheleleyo zibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zoncedo lokuhamba.) Iibhayisekile ze-E zikhawulezisa ngokukhawuleza kuneebhayisikile eziqhelekileyo, izinto zikaKenny, kwaye ukukhawuleza ngesiquphe kungaphazamisa kwaye kubethe abakhweli abangakulungelanga.

Landela ukunciphisa kunye nokuqhekeza. "Ngenxa ye-e-bikes zinzima kwaye uhambo lukhawuleza, banokufuna ixesha elongezelelweyo kunye nomgama ukuba uyeke" kunebhayisekile eqhelekileyo, utshilo uKenny.

Ngelixa usiya entlokweni yeendlela ezivulekileyo okanye iindlela, khumbula ukubukela ubomi bakho bebhetri. Iimayile zinokutyibilika ngelixa unyawo lwakho lincediswa, nangona kunjalo uhambo lokubuya luya kuba lude kwaye luyoyikeka xa uthe wachitha ibhetri yakho, ngakumbi kuba i-e-bikes, iyonke, inzima kuneebhayisikile eziqhelekileyo.

Okokugqibela, nxiba iimaski xa kunokwenzeka ujikeleze abakhweli nabahambi ngeenyawo, kwaye mhlawumbi yongeza intsimbi yokubaleka kwibhayisikile yakho, ukuba ibingeyonto eqhelekileyo. Yivakalise ngaphambi kokudlula nabani na.

"Phatha abanye ngendlela onqwenela ukuphathwa ngayo," utshilo uKenny. "Akuyonto imnandi ukothuswa ngumnini webhayisekile osondeza."