Isithuthuthu
I-EBike sithi ngesiqhelo ibhekisa kwibhayisikile yamandla ombane, eyaqala eJapan, emva kophuhliso eYurophu. Ngokwemigaqo ye-EU, iimveliso ezinxulumene noko zahlulwe zaziindidi ezintathu: I-Pedelec, s-pedelec kunye ne-e-bike.
▲pedelec
I-Pedelec aka Pedal Electric Cycle, le modeli ihlala kuphela xa inyathelwa ngokusebenzayo, imoto iya kubonelela ngamandla kumkhweli, ekwabizwa ngokuba sisiqingatha sokunyathela uhlobo lwebhayisikile yombane, ikwayinto yethu yasekhaya njengesiqhelo se-E-Bike.
Uncedo lokuhambahamba kukaPedelec lunokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezizodwa zabasebenzisi abohlukeneyo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuncedisa amandla. Iigiya zihlala zahlulwe ngokwamandla amandla ancediweyo, kwaye ezinye iimveliso ziyahlulahlula ngokwemiba yesicelo, efana nendlela ethe tyaba, indlela, ukunyuka nokuhla. Ewe kunjalo, inqanaba loncedo luya kuchaphazela uluhlu lwamandla emoto kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ebhetri.
Amandla amiselweyo kunye nesantya semida sePedelec sahluka ngokwamazwe. Ngokwemigangatho ye-eu, iinjini zombane zePedelec zilinganiswe ngamandla aphezulu angama-250w. Emva kokufikelela kwisantya se-25 km / h, umbane uza kucima ngokuzenzekelayo. Ukuba isantya sisezantsi kunale, amandla aya kuvuleka ngokuzenzekelayo kwakhona. Abanye abaPedelec banenkqubo yokuncedisa, enokuthi isebenze ngokucinezela iqhosha xa umkhweli eyisebenzisa. Ngeli xesha, umjikelo unokuqhubela phambili kwinqanaba lokuhamba, ukwenza ukuphunyezwa kube lula kwaye kungasebenzi nzima.
▲I-S-Pedelec
I-S-pedelec yimodeli yesantya esiphezulu yePedelec, ekwabizwa ngokuba yibhayisikile yamandla ombane ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu. Isebenza ngendlela efanayo nePedelec eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, amandla alinganisiweyo kunye nomda wokunciphisa isantya s-pedelec aphezulu. Kwangokunjalo, ngokwemigangatho ye-eu, umda ophezulu wamandla alinganisiweyo we-s-pedelec unyuswe waya kwi-500W, kwaye xa isantya singaphezulu kwe-45km / h, isithuthi siya kunqamla umbane. Ke ngoko, eJamani, ibhayisekile ehamba ngesantya esiphezulu (s-pedelec) iye yahlelwa njengesithuthuthu esilula ngokomthetho wendlela, ke le modeli kufuneka ithenge i-inshurensi esisinyanzelo kwaye ifumane ilayisensi yokusebenzisa. Ukongeza, iminqwazi ekhuselayo kufuneka inxitywe ngexesha lokuhamba ngebhayisikile, kufuneka kufakelwe izipili, kwaye akuyi kubakho ndlela ibhayisekile.Ndenza iimeko ezithile, uPedelec unokuwutshintsha umda wesantya ngokuswayipha inkqubo ukuyitshintsha ibe s-pedelec. Ewe, uninzi lotshintsho lwabucala luya kuyaphula imithetho yendawo kunye nemigaqo, ke nceda ungazibeki emngciphekweni.
Ibhayisekile yombane
Udidi lwesithathu yimodeli yebhayisikile yombane (E-Bike), E-Bike yi-ElectricL Bike shorthand, yona namandla okuhamba ngebhayisikile umahluko omkhulu kukuba ngaphandle kwesitampu kwinyawo, isithuthi siya kuqhutywa yimoto, ezinye zihamba I-lever throttle okanye iqhosha ukuqala ibhayisekile yombane (i-E-Bike) ephezulu inokufikelela kwisantya se-45 km / h, ke eYurophu, ibhayisekile yombane (i-EBike) yeyodidi lweemoto ezilula, kufuneka zithenge i-inshurensi kunye nobhaliso. enyanisweni, kwimeko-bume yemihla ngemihla, "i-ebike" inokubhekisa kuPedelec kunye nohlobo lwe-spedelec ngokubanzi, exhaphake kakhulu kwicandelo leebhayisikile zezemidlalo. Wonke umntu ngokusesikweni USEBENZISA "i-ebike" ukubhekisa kwiimveliso zebhayisikile zombane. Ixesha elingaphezulu, eyokuqala i-ElectricL Bike yaphela kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe yaba yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-e-bhayisekile.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wenkqubo yamandla ombane
Nokuba yeyiphi na inkqubo yohlobo lwamandla ombane, eyona nto ukuguqula amandla ombane abe yikinetic energy kwaye uyisebenzise kwinkqubo yokuhambisa ibhayisikile, ukwenza ukukhwela kube lula kwaye kugcine abasebenzi. Kwaye isixokelelwano samandla ombane esihlala sisitsho, kukuqulatha inzwa, isilawuli, iimoto ngokuyinxalenye ezi-3.
Xa inkqubo yamandla ombane isebenza, inzwa iya kukhangela isantya, frequency, torque kunye nenye idatha kumlawuli, umlawuli ngokubala kukhuphe imiyalelo yokulawula ukusebenza kwemoto. Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba uninzi lweemoto azisebenzi ngokuthe ngqo kwinkqubo yokuhambisa. Amandla okuphuma kwemoto ngesantya esiphezulu kunye ne-torque ephantsi, efuna ukwandiswa yinkqubo yokuncipha, kwaye kwangaxeshanye yenza isantya semveliso sikufutshane nomtya wokunyathela umlenze womntu (imoto esembindini) okanye isantya sevili (hub motor) .
I-Coaxial motor, efanayo shaft motor
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, xa imoto iguqula amandla ombane abe yikinetic energy, ayisetyenziswanga ngokuthe ngqo kwinkqubo yokuhambisa, kodwa ngothotho lwezixhobo zokunciphisa isantya ukukhulisa itorque kunye nokunciphisa isantya. Ke ngoko, kwibhayisikile esembindini onikwa amandla, ishafu yesiphumo samandla emoto kunye ne-shaft yebhayisekile yediski yamazinyo yimigodi emibini kulwakhiwo, kwaye umbindi unxulunyaniswa nendlela yokuncipha. Ngokwamahluko kwisithuba esimalunga nemingxunya emibini, isithuthi esiphakathi singahlulahlulwa sibe yimoto ye-coaxial (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Concentric shaft motor) kunye ne-shaft motor efanayo.
Umfanekiso ubonisa ulwakhiwo lothumelo lweShimano yeemoto eziphakathi. Ipinion emhlophe ngasekunene iqhagamshele kumbane wokukhutshwa kwesithuthi, ngelixa idiski yamazinyo idityaniswe kwicala lasekhohlo. Izitshixo ezibini, elinye lasekhohlo nelinye lasekunene, zikwizikhundla ezifanayo, kwaye uthotho lwezixhobo zokudlulisela zixhunyiwe embindini.
Phakathi, ihabhu, yeyiphi eyomeleleyo?
Okwangoku, inkqubo yamandla emarike inokwahlulahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: uhlobo oluphakathi kunye nohlobo lwehabhu. Imoto esembindini ibhekisa kwimoto efakwe kwindawo yesihlanu yesakhelo (kubandakanya eyokuqala in-in-enye yeemoto kunye neendlela ezintlanu zangaphandle zokuxhoma iimoto). Imoto iqhagamshele emzimbeni kwaye igqithisela amandla ngetyathanga nangasemva kwevili. Imoto yeHub ibhekisa kwimoto eqhuba iimoto ukuba zifakelwe kwiziko lesithuthi, kunye nemoto ye-ACTS ngqo kwivili elibekiweyo.Kwimidlalo yezemidlalo, iimoto zonke-in-enye ngokungathandabuzekiyo lolona khetho lufanelekileyo.
Okokuqala, inkqubo yokuqhuba imoto ibekwe kwiindlela ezintlanu zesakhelo, ezingayi kuchaphazela ukulingana kobunzima bayo yonke imoto. Kuba ngokupheleleyo isithuthi ukunqunyanyiswa, injini eliphakathi kunciphisa ubunzima unsprung, kunye nempendulo ukunqunyanyiswa ngasemva zendalo, ngenxa yoko iye iingenelo ezizimeleyo kulawulo off-kwendlela.
Okwesibini, kulula ukuba utshintshe iseti yevili. Ukuba yimoto yehabhu, kunzima ukuba umkhweli aphucule ivili elibekwe nguye. Nangona kunjalo, le meko ayikho kwimoto esembindini. Kwangelo xesha, iiseti zamavili ezigqwesileyo nezisebenzayo zinokunciphisa ilahleko yokuhambisa kwaye ziphucule kakhulu ukunyamezela.Okwesithathu, ekukhweleni kwilizwe.Impembelelo yeemoto eziphakathi nendawo incinci kunaleyo yemoto yehabhu, ke ilunge ngakumbi ekukhuseleni, oko ke kunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo wemoto kunye nenqanaba lokusilela.
Kwiimodeli ezingezizo ezemidlalo, iimoto zehabhu azifuneki ukuba zitshintshe kakhulu ubume besakhelo sendabuko. Ukongeza, ixabiso eliphantsi libenza bamkeleke ngakumbi kubahambi.
Iingcebiso zokuphucula ubomi bebhetri Ubomi bebhetri yeyona parameter ibaluleke kakhulu kubagibeli abaninzi ukuba bakhethe iibhayisikile ezincediswa ngamandla ombane. Ngapha koko, xa ibhetri ifana, ezinye iingcebiso zokonga amandla zinokuphucula ngempumelelo unyamezelo.
Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo zamandla, ukugcina isingqisho sokuhamba ngebhayisikile esizinzileyo. Abakhweli abaninzi bayathanda ukonyusa izixhobo zombane ukuya kwezona ziphezulu bakufika kwibhayisikile, kwaye bahlala beyitsala xa bekhwele umgama omde. Umsebenzi onjalo ngokungathandabuzekiyo mkhulu kakhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla. Ukuba ufuna ukukhwela ngaphezulu, yeyona ndlela isebenza ngamandla ukugcina isantya sokunyathela kunye noncedo lwamandla olufanelekileyo.
Ungalibali ukutshintsha kwemitshini. Ngaba unamandla ombane emva kokungahoyi isantya sokutshintsha kwemitshini, vula amandla ama-3 ngokukhwela iflewheel encinci, le yintaka indala izakwenza iimpazamo. Ukusetyenziswa kotshintsho lwezixhobo zoomatshini ngexesha lokunyuka okude kunokugcina phantse isiqingatha samandla, kunciphise umthwalo weemoto kunye nobushushu, kunye nokunciphisa ukonakala kumatyathanga nakwiidiski.
