ibhayisikili
Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukucacisa umehluko obalulekile phakathi "kwebhayisikili lamandla kagesi" kanye "nebhayisikili likagesi".
Amabhayisikili kagesi aqala ukwakhiwa eJapan ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980 kanye nasekuqaleni kwawo-1990. Babizwa nge-PAS (Power Assist System), okusho ukuthi “amabhayisikili anikwe amandla kagesi”. EJapan, amabhayisikili kagesi avunyelwe kuphela ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokulawula amandla alinganayo, okusho ukuthi, kufanele abe "amandla abantu + kagesi" indlela yokusebenza ye-hybrid, futhi angavunyelwe ukusebenzisa imodi kagesi emsulwa, ngakho-ke, ibhayisikili likagesi laseJapan empeleni " ibhayisikili lamandla kagesi ”.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990, umqondo webhayisikili kagesi wethulwa eChina, kepha ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obubuyela emuva nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, amabhizinisi amaShayina awakwazanga ukukhiqiza i-Power Assist System. Kodwa-ke, uma ukungeniswa kwezingxenye ezibalulekile ezivela eJapan kubiza ngokweqile, ukukhiqizwa kwayo yonke imoto kuzodlula kakhulu izinga lokusetshenziswa kweChina ngaleso sikhathi. Ngakho-ke, amabhizinisi amaShayina ukushintsha imibono, asebenzise izindlela ezahlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe ngebhayisikili lamandla kagesi, kepha amandla asizayo kagesi awasebenzi, ekugcineni aphumelela ekwakhiweni kwesithuthuthu, "lokhu futhi kuvame kakhulu empilweni yethu namuhla" izimoto zikagesi " , mhlawumbe kungenxa yokusebenzisa isakhiwo se "twist", njengamanje ibhayisikili kagesi laseChina selifana kakhulu nesithuthuthu, ikakhulukazi likhansele izinyawo zabo, ukubonakala "kwebhayisikili" elahlekile.
"Amabhayisikili kagesi alahlekelwe ukubukeka kwawo" "manje athandwa kakhulu eChina.
Olimini lwesiNgisi, ibhayisikili likagesi elithi “E - Bike”, kepha leli gama elihlanganisiwe libanzi kakhulu, kaningi ngeke libe nefomu lebhayisikili ngaphakathi emotweni kagesi ngakho-ke le PAS, isetshenziswe eJapan nase-Europe ibhayisikili lamandla kagesi elenziwa elibizwa nge- “Pedelec”, okungukuthi linephedali eline- “Power Assist System, dynamic auxiliary System” ibhayisikili.
Sebenzisa Uhlelo Lokusiza Amandla
Umehluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwe- “Pedelec” ne- “e-bike” oqondwa njengamanje eChina ngukuthi i-e-bike yakhelwe ukuxazulula inkinga yamabhayisikili adinayo, ngakho-ke isadinga abantu ukuba bahambe, bese kuthi ugesi wethulwe ukuze kwenziwe ibhayisikili kakhulu ukusindisa abasebenzi futhi kube lula. Futhi njengamanje iningi elibizwa nge-e-bike eChina selikhansele ukwakheka kwamaphedali, laba “isithuthuthu sikagesi” sethiyori, ukusetshenziswa kukagesi omsulwa njengamandla.
Okwesibili, sidinga ukuqonda imvelaphi ye- "Pedelec".
Eqinisweni, eminyakeni engaphezulu kwekhulu edlule, abantu baqale ukucabanga ukuthi bangaxazulula kanjani inkinga yokukhathala ebangelwa ukugibela ibhayisikili. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, kwavela ibhayisikili elinamandla kaphethiloli. Kuze kwaba sekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 lapho uPedelec wokuqala emhlabeni azalwa khona e-YAMAHA, elandelwa yiPanasonic, iSANYO, iBridgestone neHonda.
Njengesikhungo senkambiso yamabhayisikili yomhlaba, iYurophu yabona ukuthuthukiswa kweJapan. Ngemuva kwalokho, iGerman BOSCH, BLOSE, Continental neminye imikhiqizo yalandela futhi yethula iPAS (Power Assist System), eyayikhuthaza ukuthandwa kwePedelec eYurophu. Ngenxa yomkhawulo wobuchwepheshe ophakeme wokufeza ukusebenza kwe-hybrid ephelele ye-Power and manpower, eJapan nase-Europe, imvamisa amabhizinisi ahlobene nezimoto namabhethri enza ucwaningo nentuthuko yobuchwepheshe be- "Power Assist System", okunzima amanye amabhizinisi okufanele angene. Okulandelayo, funda ngohlelo lwe-PAS 'Power Assist System'. Kwi-e-bike yangempela, kuvunyelwe kuphela ukusebenza ngemodi esizwa ngamandla, okumele ibe "yimodi yamandla + womuntu" yokukhipha amandla kagesi, ayikho imodi kagesi emsulwa. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa imodi yamandla kuphela, ngoba imodeli eqhutshwa ngamandla iqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwebhayisikili, futhi ikhulisa kakhulu ububanzi bokushaja okukodwa, ukugwema ngempumelelo ukwanda kwesisindo semoto ngasikhathi sinye, futhi iba nemiphumela emibili ukuhamba nomzimba wokhiye, vumela abantu baqhubeke nokugibela isipiliyoni ngenkathi begibela okulula, futhi baqhubeke ngokuhamba phambili. Ngenxa yalokho, “Amandla
Izinzuzo nobubi be- "Assist System" bekulokhu kuyisilinganiso sokukala izinga lamabhayisikili kagesi, futhi futhi kuyinsimu enomncintiswano onamandla kakhulu phakathi kwamabhizinisi.
Umdwebo we-Schematic we-Power Aid System
Isetshenziswa inzwa yeTorque njengomgogodla wohlelo lokulawula inzwa eningi, inzwa yeTorque, eyaziwa nangokuthi inzwa yeTorque nenzwa yeTorque), kungaba ukuthola ukukhishwa komuntu iTorque, bese ibiza amandla kuTorque ekhipha imoto ukusiza womuntu, linganisa iqoqo lamandla we-auuxiliary system standard lihle ngokwanele "ukukhishwa kukagesi we-Torque waveform kuphelele noma akusondelene nokukhishwa komuntu we-Torque waveform", bese isigaba sesibili se-waveform sihambelana ngangokunokwenzeka. Okukhiphayo komuntu kukhulu, ukukhuphuka kokukhishwa kwamandla, ukukhipha komuntu kuyehla, futhi okukhipha amandla kuncane, amandla ahlala ngokuya ngokulingana okuthile noshintsho olumugqa, kanye noshintsho lomuntu ukuze afinyelele amandla ahamba phambili asiza lapho egibele, akhulise inzuzo yabasebenzi nogesi ngasikhathi sinye, yenza abantu bagibele kalula, futhi hhayi ukuchitha ugesi.
Ungakuthuthukisa kanjani ukunemba kokutholwa kwenzwa ye-torque, uthuthukise isivinini sokuphendula kohlelo lokulawula, yenza amandla okukhipha amandla we-Power linear amaningi athuthukisiwe "i-Power Assist System System asizayo System", umnyombo waphezulu koHlelo ngaphezu kokusebenzisa inzwa ye-torque, iyasetshenziswa futhi inzwa yejubane nenzwa yemvamisa, ngakho-ke kwimodeli yezibalo ne-algorithm kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Izinga eliphakeme lamanje lobuchwepheshe beTorque sensor (Torque sensor), imodeli yezibalo ehambisanayo yezinzwa nama-algorithms amaningi ikakhulukazi ezandleni zebhizinisi laseJapan naseJalimane, kuze kube yiminyaka emibili edlule, uhlangothi lwesishiyagalombili lwasekhaya i-BAFANG kanye nomgibeli okhanyayo TSINOVA athuthukise izinga elifanayo ubuchwepheshe, futhi isidlulile izindinganiso ze-EN15194 zase-Europe, EN300220, ingancintisana ne-BOSCH nenye inkampani emakethe yase-Europe, kufaka phakathi isivakashi esikhanyayo i-TSINOVA nayo ne-Panasonic (Panasonic) iba nguzakwethu wamasu, Ngokuhlanganyela kukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhayisikili anikwe amandla kagesi kumaShayina emakethe.
Ngaphezu izinzwa ze-torque, izinhlelo ezisebenza kakhulu zenethiwekhi nezinhlelo zokusebenza kwebhethri ephezulu nazo ziyadingeka. Njengamanje, amabhayisikili kagesi kagesi amahle kakhulu wonke asebenzisa i- “brushless toothed dc high-speed motor” nesilawuli se-FOC sine wave, ngoba ijubane lemoto liphakama, ivolumu nesisindo semoto kungaba kuncane, futhi umphumela uphezulu ukusebenza kahle kwemoto. Njengamanje, amabhayisikili kagesi athandwa kakhulu eChina asebenzisa izinjini ezinejubane eliphansi, okuwukuthi, ama-motors avamile anobubanzi obukhulu kodwa acabalele, kuyilapho ama-motor anejubane elikhulu ngokuvamile enobubanzi obuncane, ngakho-ke aqine ngokuqhathaniswa. Indawo yokufakwa kwebhayisikili yamandla kagesi ihlukaniswe ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobo ezimbili, enye iphakathi, okungukuthi, ifakwe endaweni yebhayisikili i-eksisi emihlanu, enye ifakwa kuhabhu lesondo lebhayisikili. Ibhayisikili lamandla kagesi lizalwa ekuqaleni kwama-90 s, i-YAMAHA (YAMAHA) isebenzise amabhethri e-lead-acid, kepha ngokushesha ithuthukile isebenzisa ibhethri le-nickel cadmium, futhi eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium, ibhayisikili lamandla kagesi aphezulu kakhulu manje ngokuyisisekelo ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-lithium battery. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuze kuqhutshekwe kwenziwe ngcono ukusetshenziswa kwesipiliyoni sebhayisikili lamandla kagesi kanye nokuthembeka kwezokuphepha, kube nobuchwepheshe obengeziwe bezimoto, ubuchwepheshe bolwazi ngogesi busetshenzisiwe emkhakheni webhayisikili lamandla kagesi , omunye wabamele ngaphezulu ukukhanyisa isivakashi TSINOVA ukuhlola nokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, Njengemuva yendawo eyimpumputhe isikhumbuzi, i-ABS disc brake, i-timing belt drive, i-CAN bus technology.
Ekugcineni, yimaphi amabhayisikili ajwayelekile kagesi? Uyini umehluko? Kuthuthuka kanjani ekhaya?
Kusukela yaqalwa eJapan, i-e-bike ibisebenzisa “Power Assist System” ene-torque sensor njengomgogodla, futhi isishintshile izizukulwane eziningi. Isalokhu igcina isikhundla esiphambili emhlabeni. IJalimane ibamba iJapane ngokushesha okukhulu. Manje ingafana ngokuyisisekelo neJapan kubuchwepheshe. Vele kunemibono eminingi yokuthi iJalimane isivele yeqe iJapan. Ibhayisikili likaMandla kagesi ngemuva kokungena eChina langena komunye umzila wentuthuko, ngoba alikho ibhizinisi lokwakha umnyombo oyisisekelo we "Power Assist System, uhlelo olusizayo olusizayo", nokuthenga iJapan Japan System kubiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokukhula okuningi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 yobudlova, manje i-shuttle enkulu yase-China yasemadolobheni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya enenombolo enkulu ehlanganiswe ngomhlobiso wepulasitiki ohamba ngesikuta kagesi, isivele yaba yisifo esiphikelelayo sengozi yomgwaqo, enyakatho ye-shenzhen, e-guangzhou, e-shenzhen kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele izimoto ezinjalo, neBeijing nayo isiqala ukukhawuka.
Isiphetho: Ibhayisekili kagesi ngumlilo ebusika obandayo.
Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-20 yokuthuthuka, ibhayisekili kagesi Z isibe yithuluzi elidumile elinamasondo amabili eJapan, ngenkathi imakethe yaseYurophu ibilokhu idlondlobala eminyakeni edlule. Ngo-20151 kuphela, umthamo wokuthengisa wamabhayisekili kagesi eNetherlands ukhuphuke ngo-24%, ngenkathi inani lokuthengisa eJalimane nalo lenyuka ngo-11.5%, kanti ivolumu yokukhiqiza inyuka ngo-37%. Ikakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthengiswa kwamabhayisekili ezimakethe zaseYurophu kuyaqhubeka ukuncipha, ukwenyuka kwamabhayisekili kagesi kuzobheka phambili kuwo.
Amabhizinisi amabhayisikili kagesi asekhaya noma amabhizinisi amabhayisikili asungule amabhayisikili kagesi afakwe i- "Power Assist System", kepha iningi lawo elokuthekelisa futhi alithengiswa emakethe yaseChina. Ihlose emakethe yasekhaya, i-HOTEBIKE ihlose ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhayisikili aseChina ngendlela eqhutshwa ngamandla. Kepha kuyabonakala ukuthi ngokukhula komnotho waseChina, ukukhushulwa kwamandla wabathengi bayo kanye nenqubekela phambili yobuchwepheshe bayo, ama-e-bikes nakanjani azoba nekusasa elithembisayo.
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